Material Characterization & Non-Destructive Testing Methods
Metallurgical Optical Microscope
A metallurgical optical microscope, also known as a metallographic microscope, is a specialized type of optical microscope designed for the examination and analysis of opaque materials, such as metals, ceramics, and polymers. It is a valuable tool in materials science, metallurgy, and other fields where the microstructure of materials needs to be studied.
Working Principle
The working principle of a metallurgical optical microscope is based on the reflection and refraction
Read MoreJavaScript Core Concepts & Advanced Techniques
JavaScript Fundamentals: Web Storage & Event Handling
This section covers essential client-side data storage mechanisms and advanced event management techniques in JavaScript.
1. Web Storage (Local Storage & Session Storage)
Web Storage allows web applications to store data locally within the user’s browser. Unlike cookies, Web Storage offers a larger storage capacity (typically 5MB or more) and the data is not sent to the server with every HTTP request.
A. Local Storage – Permanent Data Storage
Data
Read MoreInsights from Champions, Science, and Society
An Interview with a Champion
He feels much better about leaving his children when he became a professional. He is alone now. Jules’s wife did not travel with him. Thanks to his racket, he likes to use it to meet up with people.
Telepathy
Telepathy has not been demonstrated. Traditional scientists believe only physics can explain phenomena, and it does not explain telepathy. A well-known book, “The Power of the Mind,” suggests the bending of spoons is just a trick. A telepathy experiment is not easy.
Read MoreGlobal Challenges: Climate, Pollution, and Technology’s Impact
Climate Change: Predictions and Impacts
Some experts predict that by the year 2020, there will be about seven billion people on Earth. If these predictions hold true, it will lead to an increase in factories, vehicles, and intensive farming. This, in turn, means more harmful gases, increasing the greenhouse effect. These gases absorb the sun’s heat, making the Earth hotter.
Projected Global Warming
If current trends persist, some scientists predict that by 2030, Earth’s temperature will rise by 2ºC
Read MoreSpanish Workers’ Movements: Anarchism and Socialism (1874-1910)
The Genesis of Spanish Workers’ Movements
Anarchism: From Dissolution to Reorganization (1874-1881)
In 1874, a decree dissolved the Spanish section of the Workers’ International Association (AIT) following the coup by General Pavía. By 1881, a new political landscape emerged as anarchism was re-legalized under Sagasta’s government.
Key Outcomes of Anarchist Reorganization
- Geographically dispersed associations began to reorganize.
- The Spanish Regional Federation of Workers (FTRE) was established to address
Spanish Enlightenment Prose: Literary & Journalistic Forms
18th Century Spanish Prose: Thought and Criticism
The 18th century in Spain was a period of significant intellectual ferment, marked by new ways of thinking, reflection, and criticism. This era saw the rise of prominent figures who championed reason and experience in their works.
Key Figures and Their Contributions
- Father Benito Jerónimo Feijoo: Active in the first half of the century, this Benedictine monk utilized reason and experience as primary criteria for developing his views.
- Gaspar Melchor
Antonio Canova’s Eros and Psyche: Neoclassical Masterpiece Analysis
Eros and Psyche by Antonio Canova
Artwork Details
- Artist: Antonio Canova
- Chronology: 1787-1793
- School/Country: Italy
- Style: Neoclassicism
Technical Elements
This sculpture is crafted from marble, utilizing the natural color of the material without additional pigmentation. The carved surface achieves a glossy finish, likely through a polishing technique involving abrasives or a lime-based grout, characteristic of the period’s sculptural practices.
Formal Elements
The sculpture features closed forms, contrasting
Read MoreEnglish Language Essentials: Grammar, Cohesion, & Paragraphs
Relative Pronouns and Determiners Explained
Essential Relative Words and Their Functions
- What: Refers to a person, thing, or place. It remains unchanged.
- Who/Whom: Used exclusively for persons. “Who” is for the subject, “Whom” for the object.
- Which: Used for things or animals. Does not change form based on gender or number.
- Where: Functions as an adverb, replacing a noun that indicates a place.
- How much: Semantically equivalent to “everything that.”
- How many: Semantically equivalent to “all that” (e.g.
Computer-Aided Design: Core Concepts and Practical Applications
Understanding Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is a design activity that involves the effective use of computers to create, modify, or document an engineering design. It streamlines the entire product development lifecycle, from conceptualization to manufacturing.
Key Benefits of CAD Systems
CAD systems offer significant advantages for engineering design and product development:
Increased Productivity
Better visualization of the final product, sub-assemblies, and constituent parts
Parvana’s Resilience in Taliban-Controlled Kabul
Parvana’s Early Life in Kabul
This is the story of Parvana, an eleven-year-old girl living in Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan.
She remembers a time when she lived in a big house, when women could walk freely in the streets, and everyone was happy. But everything changed. The Taliban had taken over Kabul, forbidding women from leaving their homes without a burqa and without being accompanied by a male relative. They suppressed independent thought and imposed their strict ideology. Everything was
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