Materials Science and Applied Physics Questions and Answers
Electrical Conductivity: Metals vs. Plastics
Why is the electrical conductivity of metals very high while that of plastics is very low?
Metals: Metallic bonding leaves valence electrons delocalised as an “electron sea” (about 1028–1029 electrons/m3). In band theory, the conduction band is partly filled or overlaps the valence band, so there is no energy gap. Electrons move freely under a small field. Conductivity is approximately 106–108 S/m.
Plastics: Atoms are held by strong covalent bonds,
Read MoreComputer Networks Exam Notes: Units I–III with Solved Numericals
Computer Networks — Exam Preparation Notes
B.Tech CSE | Minor-I | Units I, II & III
These notes are organized according to your syllabus, the two uploaded question papers, and your teacher’s exam guidelines: approximately 60% numerical/problem-solving and 40% theory.
Your preparation priority
60%
Numericals and problem-solving
Unit III routing, shortest paths and IP addressing; Unit II CRC, Hamming code, flow control and ARQ; Unit I delay calculations.
40%
Theory and diagrams
Unit I devices, transmission
Read MoreOffice Management and Accounting Study Notes for Nepal
Very Short Questions (1 Mark Each)
Write any two importances of office management.
- Helps achieve organizational goals efficiently.
- Optimizes the utilization of available office resources.
Write down the full form of NAS.
National Accounting Standards.
Write names of any two government offices that use central level accounting.
- Financial Comptroller General Office (FCGO)
- Ministry of Finance
What is revenue accounting system?
Revenue accounting system is a systematic method of recording, classifying, and reporting
Read MoreOrganizational Development: Principles, Process, and Models
1. Meaning of OD
Organizational Development (OD) is a planned process of improving an organization’s performance through changes in employee behaviour, teamwork, and communication.
2. Nature
- Planned: Changes are planned properly.
- Continuous: It is an ongoing process.
- People-oriented: Focuses on employees.
- Change-oriented: Helps the organization adapt to changes.
- Long-term: Focuses on lasting improvement.
3. Basic Assumptions
- Employees want to learn and grow.
- Trust and teamwork improve performance.
- Participation
Operating Systems Key Concepts: Process States, PCB, Semaphores & Memory
Operating Systems Key Concepts: Process States, PCB, Semaphores & Memory
4. Process State & Process Control Block (PCB)
- Process States: A process cycles through: New (created) → Ready (waiting in memory) → Running (executing instructions) → Waiting/Blocked (waiting for an event/IO) → Terminated (finished execution).
- PCB Definition: A dedicated kernel data structure containing all information about a specific process.
- 5 Essential PCB Fields:
- Process State: Current condition (Ready, Running,
Mental Health and Mental Illness: Definitions, Perspectives, and Stigma
Q1. Define mental health. Explain its key features.
The WHO defines mental health as a state of well-being in which a person realizes their own abilities, copes with the normal stresses of life, works productively and contributes to their community. It is more than the absence of disease.
Key features:
- Emotional well-being: the ability to experience, express and regulate feelings.
- Psychological well-being: self-acceptance, purpose in life, autonomy, positive relationships and personal growth.
- Social
Binary Trees Explained: Structure, Traversals, Hashing and Sorting
1. Explain Binary Tree
A Binary Tree is a non-linear, hierarchical data structure in which each node can have a maximum of two children, traditionally referred to as the left child and the right child.
Core Structural Components
- Root Node: The topmost node of the tree with no parent.
- Leaf Node: A node with no children (degree 0).
- Internal Node: A node containing at least one child.
- Subtree: A tree structure formed by a child node and its descendants.
Key Types of Binary Trees
- Full Binary Tree: Every node
Online Self-Presentation, Digital Identity & Internet Addiction: Key Concepts and Answers
Q.1 Fill in the Blanks (Based on All Units)
[10 Marks — 1 Mark Each]
- The process by which individuals create, manage, and curate their digital persona on social platforms is called online self-presentation.
- The concept of altering or narrowing one’s perception of others through filters and selective sharing in online spaces is known as “Looking through a Lens.”
- Ingratiation is a self-presentation strategy where an individual uses flattery or favors to create a positive impression.
- The factors influencing
International Trade and Economic Institutions: Key Objectives, Features and Benefits
Objective of India-ASEAN FTA?
Introduction: The India-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement was signed on 13th August 2009 in Bangkok and came into force on 1st January 2010. It is one of India’s most important FTAs.
Objectives:
- To Increase Bilateral Trade: To increase trade from $80 billion to $200 billion.
- Elimination of Tariffs: To reduce duties on 80% of goods.
- Market Access: To create a large free market of 1.8 billion people.
- Investment Promotion: To promote mutual investment through CECA.
- Economic Cooperation:
Java Socket Programming: TCP, UDP & NIO Interview Questions and Answers
Quiz 1: Socket Programming Fundamentals
Q1: What is the purpose of the ServerSocket class?
Answer: To listen for incoming socket connections
Q2: Which TCP/IP layer is primarily responsible for routing packets between different networks?
Answer: Network layer
Q3: Which method would you use to obtain the local machine’s IP and hostname using InetAddress?
Answer: InetAddress.getLocalHost()
Q4: What is the role of threads in socket programming for concurrent servers?
Answer: Handle multiple client requests