Igneous Rocks: Formation, Textures, Magmatism and Occurrences
Mode of Occurrence of Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of molten magma either beneath the Earth’s surface or on it. Their mode of occurrence is closely related to the depth of crystallization, the nature of magma intrusion, and the environment in which the magma solidifies. Broadly, igneous rocks occur in two main modes: intrusive (plutonic) and extrusive (volcanic).
Intrusive (Plutonic) Igneous Rocks
These rocks form when magma cools slowly beneath the Earth’
Read MoreVerifying Proposals Through Natural Acceptance and Self-Inquiry
Verifying Proposals Based on Natural Acceptance
Natural acceptance refers to the inherent and unconditional willingness within every human being to accept certain truths or values when presented without external influence or preconditioning. It serves as an internal compass for distinguishing between what is truly conducive to human happiness and what is not. To verify a proposal on the basis of natural acceptance, we follow these steps:
- Present the proposal clearly.
- Reflect inwardly.
- Observe the inner
Essential Canadian Geography and Demographics Facts
Canadian Political and Physical Divisions
Provinces and Territories
Provinces: BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PEI, NL
Territories: YT, NT, NU
Capital City
Capital of Canada: Ottawa
Provincial Capitals
- ON – Toronto
- QC – Québec City
- BC – Victoria
- AB – Edmonton
- MB – Winnipeg
- SK – Regina
- NS – Halifax
- NB – Fredericton
- PEI – Charlottetown
- NL – St. John’s
Major Water Bodies
Oceans: Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic Oceans
Bays and Seas: Hudson Bay, Gulf of St. Lawrence
Rivers and Lakes: St. Lawrence River,
RBI’s Role in Indian Currency Management and National Income
Role of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in Currency Management
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) plays a crucial role in managing currency circulation in India. Here are its functions and responsibilities:
Key Functions of RBI in Currency Management
1. Currency Issuance
RBI has the sole authority to issue banknotes in India, determining the volume and value of banknotes to be printed based on economic indicators like inflation and GDP growth.
2. Currency Distribution
RBI distributes currency to the public through
Read MoreFundamentals of Design Elements and Typography
Elements of Art & Design
Elements of Design are the basic parts of a design. They structure and build the visual work.
Principles of Design are ideas or rules that explain how the elements are used to communicate a message.
Elements of Design
Lines
Lines help organize a design and create emphasis. Designers use lines to guide the viewer’s eye and communicate ideas, even if we do not always notice them.
Vertical lines suggest height, importance, and strength.
Horizontal lines create calmness, balance,
TallyPrime Masters: Accounting, Inventory, and Cost Allocation
What are Masters in TallyPrime?
Masters in TallyPrime are the fundamental containers or main entities of accounting and inventory data that are created once and used repeatedly across various transactions and reports. They form the backbone of the entire data structure of a company in TallyPrime.
Think of Masters as the templates or definitions for all the elements that you will use in your day-to-day transaction recording (Vouchers). For example, you define a Ledger for “Salaries Expense” once, and
Read MoreMeaning, Nature and Purpose of Law in India
Q1: Define Law — Meaning, Nature and Purpose
Introduction
The concept of law is fundamental to the study of jurisprudence. Every organized society, whether ancient or modern, is governed by certain rules that regulate human conduct. These rules, when recognized and enforced by the State, assume the character of law. The term “law” has been defined differently by different jurists depending upon their philosophical outlook, social background, and historical context. As observed by V.D. Mahajan,
Macroeconomic Models: IS-LM, Labor Markets, and Growth
Question 1: Goods and Financial Markets – Extended IS-LM
Problem Statement:
Consider a closed economy in the short run with the following behavioral equations:
- C = 400 + 0.5(Y – T)
- I = 200 + 0.1Y – 2000(r + x)
- G = 400
- T = 200 + 0.2Y
The Central Bank sets a real interest rate target of r = 0.05 and the initial risk premium is x = 0.03.
(a) Obtain the IS relation and calculate equilibrium
First, we simplify disposable income: YD = Y – (200 + 0.2Y) = 0.8Y – 200.
Substituting this back into the demand function:
Read MoreMoney Market vs Capital Market: Instruments, Differences & Investing
Money Market vs Capital Market
Financial markets are the backbone of any economy, acting as a bridge between surplus units (savers) and deficit units (investors/borrowers). They are broadly classified into two categories based on the maturity period of the instruments.
The Money Market
The Money Market is a market for short-term funds, dealing with assets that have a maturity period ranging from one day to one year. It is primarily used by banks, corporations, and governments to manage liquidity and
Read MoreDirect and Indirect Taxes, Perquisites & Income Tax Deductions in India
Direct Tax
A direct tax is paid directly to the government by the person on whom it is imposed. The burden of this tax cannot be shifted to someone else.
Examples:
- Income tax
- Wealth tax
- Property tax
- Corporate tax
Indirect Tax
An indirect tax is paid by one person but the burden can be passed on to another person. It is collected when people buy goods and services.
Examples:
- GST (Goods and Services Tax)
- Customs duty
- Excise duty
Merits and Demerits of Direct Tax
Merits
- Equitable: Direct taxes are based on the ability