20th Century Spanish Literary Movements
Modernism:
art movement that began around 1888 and is kept alive until 1914. It is a movement that broke with the prevailing aesthetic and an attitude. The first manifestation in Latin America emerged in 1880 with Ruben Dario. The French influence is crucial to Modernism, along with the great romantics, two schools set the tone: Parnasionismo and Symbolism. The issues are sensitive and intimacy outside of the poet, along with the pursuit of beauty. Malaise romantic escapism, Cosmopolitanism, Love and Eroticism, and the Hispanic American Subjects. Prodigioso language skills from aestheticism and the pursuit of sensory values (Renewal of the metric). Dario stand, Salvador Rueda, Antonio and Manuel Machado, Juan Ramón Jiménez and Valle-Inclan.
Generation 98:
characteristics: concern for the problems of Spain, philosophical, literary concerns, simplicity and conciseness and innovations in literary genres. The disaster of 98 and the loss of the colonies. Two thematic groups: the vision of Spain and existential concerns. Literary language: they possess a careful style, but sober, in short sentences. Like the traditional lexicon. They use emotional nature resources. Authors: Unamuno, Baroja, Valle-Inclán, Machado.
Antonio Machado:
Poet Seville, 1883 he moved to Madrid. Gets a professor of French at an institute of Soria and falls for a young, but die early. Author is a very personal, humble, self-absorbed with deep sensitivity. Notes to understand each other if poetry: Essentiality and Temporality. His poetry: the author’s own dialogue with himself (Solitudes), Castile and its people (Campos de Castilla), Leonor and her memory, Guiomar.Temas: Time, Travel, life problems, love and wife, theme of Spain. His poetry appears simple, brief and concise.
Stage 1:
Solitudes, is a meditation on the themes of time and memory that links to the full existential, death and God.
Stage 2:
Campos de Castilla, a book of reflections on life and death. Topics: the history and the men of Castile, Spanish criticism of religion, the discovery of the landscape, death of Eleanor, the influence of Andalusian folk poetry.
Stage 3:
New songs, pick up the themes of his earlier work: interior and landscape dreams Castile and Andalusia.
JRJiménez:
his poetic task represented a constant search for beauty and yearning of dela Eternity. Zenubia Campubrí marries in 1916 and in 1945 received the Nobel Prize for Literature. It was a constant reviser of his own work and who lived for poetry.
Sensitive Stage:
the issues revolve around the nostalgic, haunting presence of death. You can see the influence of Symbolism. In these early books is obvious modernist trend (beauty, love, flowers) but treated personally. Platero y yo.
Intellectual Stage:
the melancholy of earlier works becomes a poet needs vitalism and now the exact name of things, a new word that allows you to access their deeper meaning. Diary of a newly married poet.
Stage enough:
the poet is obsessed with the topic of poetic life, Eternity, the desire for permanence of his work. They are works of fullness, is achieved ecstasy .. Crative impulses are: women, work and death.
Generation of ’27:
In the early twentieth century vertigionosa happened so many currents, whose desire was the renewal of poetry (Vanguard). Had served to shape a climate of poetic enthusiasm, in which juveniles are the first experiences of the great poets of the Generation of ’27.
These tend to slow the strident avant-garde, combining tradition and revolution. Rescued popular poetry (neopopularismo) and added new topics and resources. Each of the poets had a bright personality and managed to translate their own general estilo.Características live together in the Residencia de Estudiantes in Madrid, revalue popular poetry, French surrealism and the creation of images and metaphors relating to the unreal, the big issues man filled his works, exquisite care how, code metrics ampliode.
Stage 1 (to 1929)
coincided with the avant-garde esplandor. In recent years, grown pure poetry and its rejection of rhetorical excess. The teaching of Juan Ramon them towards it.
Stage 2 (from 1929 to the Civil War)
by 1929, authors such as Lorca, Cernuda underwent profound moral crisis in Surrealism and found a way to translate their conflicts. The exploration of self and human emotions once again occupied the foreground.
Stage 3 (after the Civil War):
1939 finally disintegrated. Most partede these poets were Republicans and were exiled by the outbreak of war. FGLorca died, D. Alonso, Aleixandre and G. Diego remained in the country.