Active Listening vs. Passive Listening
Active Listening
Active Listening is a technique that is used in counseling, training, and solving disputes or conflicts. It requires the listener to fully concentrate, understand, respond, and then remember what is being said. This is opposed to other listening techniques like reflective listening and empathic listening.
- Reflective listening is where the listener repeats back to the speaker what they have just heard to confirm understanding of both parties.
- Empathic Listening is about giving people an outlet for their emotions before being able to be more open, sharing experiences, and being able to accept new perspectives on the troubled topic that is the reason for emotional suffering.
Passive Listening
It is a one-way form of communication, where there is no exchange involved with the two parties.
Ex: Listening to a lecture, watching TV, listening to the radio.
- It is listening without reacting, allowing someone to speak without interrupting. It is a pseudo listening.
- A passive listener seems to listen to the speaker, but his mind is wandering.
- Noisy surroundings or impaired hearing also compels a listener to be passive.
- An uninteresting topic also makes a listener passive.
Cohesive and Coherent Writing
Cohesive means united and working together effectively. Cohesion is the grammatical and lexical linking within a text or sentence that holds a text together and provides its meaning. Cohesive devices are words used to show how the different parts of a text can be knit together. Some examples of cohesive devices are determiners and pronouns, which can refer back to earlier words, and conjunctions and adverbs, which can make relations between words clear.
Cohesive writing is writing which unites the writing into a cohesive unit. Ideas are developed logically. Paragraphs are so arranged that the reader can easily understand the relationship between the parts of a text. In a well-developed text, reference is used to introduce the nouns in a text. Instead of repeating nouns, use pronouns for them. From the pronoun, the reader can track the noun. This process of tracking items contributes to the overall cohesion of a text.
Coherence
Every writer wants to make his writing logical, unified, and consistent. That means everyone wants coherence in writing. A text is hard to follow where the writer jumps around from idea to idea and doesn’t have unity or consistency to connect the words, sentences, and paragraphs. Coherence in writing is the logical bridge between words, sentences, and paragraphs. In coherent writing, cohesive devices are used to connect ideas between sentences and paragraphs. Main ideas are stated in proper places and are developed logically with supporting details. Main ideas and supporting details are joined by proper linking words.
Coherence
Every writer wants to make his writing logical, unified, and consistent. That means everyone wants coherence in writing. A text is hard to follow where the writer jumps around from idea to idea and doesn’t have unity or consistency to connect the words, sentences, and paragraphs. Coherence in writing is the logical bridge between words, sentences, and paragraphs. In coherent writing, cohesive devices are used to connect ideas between sentences and paragraphs. Main ideas are stated in proper places and are developed logically with supporting details. Main ideas and supporting details are joined by proper linking words.