Agriculture and Aquaculture Terminology

Aquaculture

A technique for cultivating aquatic organisms.

Agricultural Market

A market whose production is oriented towards sales.

Organic Farming

Farming that uses natural resources rationally and balanced to produce food.

Extensive Agriculture

Agriculture practiced in regions with low population density.

Intensive Agriculture

Agriculture that produces large quantities of products continuously in small spaces.

Mediterranean Agriculture

Agriculture practiced in both rainfed and irrigated conditions, with characteristics specific to the Mediterranean area.

Agribusiness

Industries related to agriculture.

Jurisdictional Waters

The maritime zone adjacent to the coast, extending up to 12 nautical miles, where states exercise full sovereignty.

Almadraba

A large, fixed fishing gear set in estuaries and bays, used to catch tuna.

Sharecropping

A land tenure system where the owner grants temporary use of the land in exchange for a share of the profits.

Lease

A land tenure system where the owner grants the use of their land for a monetary payment called rent.

Agriculture

Refers to the cultivation of crops and raising of livestock.

Fallow

Land left unplanted for one or more growing seasons.

Bocage

An agricultural and rural landscape characterized by fields enclosed by hedges or trees.

Caladero

A sea area suitable for fishing due to the abundance of one or more exploitable species.

Irrigated Crops

Crops that receive both rainfall and additional water.

Industrial Crops

Crops grown for non-food purposes and require industrial processing.

Fishing Quotas

The allowed catch assigned to an operational unit within a specific period.

Rainfed Crops

Crops that rely solely on rainwater.

Sustainable Development

A concept developed at the Conference on the Environment, aiming to support economic development while protecting the environment.

Sanding

Crops grown using a technique suitable for arid regions, based on artificial soil preparation.

Rural Exodus

The migration of people from rural to urban areas.

Underground Economy

A set of illegal economic activities.

Livestock: Stable Production

Livestock raised in stables.

Livestock: Open Production

The breeding and care of animals for human use on open-air farms.

Intensive Livestock Production

The breeding and care of animals in small, closed, highly mechanized holdings to improve performance.

Estates

Large rural properties, often characterized by monoculture.

Agrarian Morphology

The characteristic features of an agricultural landscape.

Minifundio

A small farm, often used for subsistence farming.

Monoculture

The cultivation of a single plant species on a farm or in a region.

Medina Sheep

Sheep with extensive, marketable curly wool.

Churro Sheep

Sheep with straighter wool.

Openfield

An agricultural landscape characterized by long, unfenced parcels of land.

CAP

Common Agricultural Policy.

Concentrated Rural Settlement

A settlement pattern where homes are clustered together in villages, surrounded by farmland.

Dispersed Rural Settlement

A settlement pattern where homes and farms are scattered throughout the agricultural area.

Plot

A small unit of land within a farm.

Plot Cropping

Cultivation of a small portion of land, considered the technical and economic unit of the farm.

Deep-Sea Fishing

Fishing that takes place in offshore fishing grounds.

Inshore Fishing

Fishing carried out by small boats near the coast.

Polyculture

The cultivation of multiple plant species on a farm.

Irrigation

The artificial application of water to crops.

Ownership

The way in which land is owned, either individually or collectively.

Tenure Status

The legal status of land ownership, such as owner-operated, leased, or sharecropped.

Afforestation

The reforestation of land by planting trees.

Drip Irrigation

An irrigation method that delivers small amounts of water directly to plant roots.

Crop Rotation

The practice of alternating crops to prevent soil exhaustion.

Rainfed

Land cultivated without irrigation, relying solely on rainfall.

Overexploitation

The extraction of resources at a rate exceeding their regeneration capacity.

Transhumance

The seasonal movement of livestock to different grazing areas.