Basketball and Physical Activities: Skills & Rules
Basketball Fundamentals
Basketball is a sport where the objective is to shoot the ball into the opposing team’s basket. The court dimensions are 28x15m.
Player Positions
- Point Guard: Plays centrally, directs the play, and must be a skilled player.
- Shooting Guard: Assists the point guard.
- Small Forward: There are two, and they must have great individual technique and a good shot. They have to play a lot with the base and the power forward.
- Power Forward: Usually the tallest player on the team.
- Center: Must collect rebounds.
Fouls
- Personal: Any illegal contact with an opposing player.
- Technical: Related to the proper conduct and gestures of basketball.
Offensive Techniques
- Dribbling: Bouncing the ball from hand to hand with control.
- Passing: The usual way of exchanging the ball between two players.
Defensive Techniques
- Base Position: Legs must be bent, with one leg in front of the other.
- Interception: An action to try to recover the ball when an opponent dribbles or passes.
- Rebound: An action in which a player attempts to retrieve the ball after a shot attempt.
Body Expression
Body Expression is the use of techniques to communicate with the body.
Force
Force is the body’s ability to overcome or resist a maximum resistance. It is the ability to create maximum tension through muscle contraction.
- Explosive Force: Ability to overcome large loads or resistance with maximum speed of movement.
- Force-Resistance: The ability to perform a given activity and resist the fatigue it causes.
Benefits: Facilitates maintaining correct posture and increases muscle tone.
Basketball Competition
- Taking the ball outside the line before launching a three-point shot is not a personal foul.
- Three-point line: 6.25 meters.
- You cannot dribble, stop dribbling, and then dribble again.
- A new rule allows taking the ball from a player if they have grabbed it with both hands.
Basketball was invented in the U.S.
- The ball is brought into play from out of bounds.
- A personal foul is an illegal action.
- There are four quarters of 10 minutes each.
- Pivoting: Moving one foot without lifting the other.
Flexibility
Flexibility is the ability that enables us to perform movements with greater range.
Types of Flexibility
- Static: No movements are involved; muscles are stretched during a joint movement for a period.
- Dynamic: Involves movement to its maximum amplitude and the resulting muscular stretching.
Outdoor Activities
Mountain Activities
Climbing, camping, hiking, skiing, mountain biking, horseback riding, caving, etc.
Air Activities
Paragliding, ultralight aviation, hang gliding, parachuting, etc.
Water Activities
Canoeing, kayaking, water skiing, sailing, diving, surfing, windsurfing, etc.
Camping
Camping is an exhilarating experience. It involves spending a night in the mountains, walking with a backpack, setting up camp, preparing the ground, watching the stars, and joking with peers.
Equipment
Comfortable clothing adequate for the weather, mountain boots, sun protection elements (cap, glasses, and cream), mattress, sleeping bag, and waterproof insulation for rain, etc.
Safety Standards
- Having adequate physical training and being aware of one’s limitations.
- Getting together to plan the activity.
- Bringing the necessary equipment.
Orientation
- The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
- Moss often grows in areas that do not receive sun and are oriented to the north.
- Birds’ nests are oriented towards the south.