Biochemistry Essentials: Key Concepts and Q&A

Posted on Jan 24, 2025 in Biology

Biochemistry: Key Concepts and Q&A

Which of the following metabolic pathways does *not* happen inside the mitochondria? Acetyl-CoA production
Which of the following elements increase the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH)? All of them
The flow rate through the Krebs cycle is controlled by: All of them
Indicate the true statement about the respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation: In eukaryotes, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in mitochondria and involves the oxidation of O₂ to H₂O.
Which of these following types of molecules are able to accept and donate electrons: All the previous statements are true
Which of the following molecules is necessary to transport acetyl-CoA inside the mitochondria? Carnitine

Which of these combinations of reactions happen in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids? Oxidation, hydration, oxidation, thiolysis
When amino acids are deaminated in muscle, the produced ammonia is mostly… :
Indicate the false statement about amino acid oxidations:

If one molecule of DNA has 20% of A, how much does it have for the other nitrogenous bases, and how does its melting point behave compared to one molecule of 10% of A?
Which of the statements about chromosomes and their properties is false?
If DNA polymerase I was mutated to inactivate all its enzymatic activities, which part of DNA replication will be most affected?
Indicate the true statement about transcription:
Which of the statements is false about the poly(A) tail:
Indicate the false statement about translation:

Given this protein structure that you can see below, indicate which of the following statements is false: This protein is soluble in water as all globular proteins
Which of these statements is true about the structure of an aldehyde: An aldehyde contains a carbon atom bound to an oxygen atom by a double bond in the terminal part of the molecule
When is the buffering power of an acid-base mixture maximal: When pH is lower than pKa
Indicate the true statement about free energy: All the other statements are false

In which cell types is glycogen present in high concentration?
Indicate the term that can be defined as “a complete catalytically active enzyme together with its bound coenzyme and/or metal ions”: Holoenzymes
Which of the following factors can affect enzyme activity: All of them
Which of these carbohydrates present β-linkages in their structures:
Which of these variables can affect the quantity of vitamins required for a healthy diet: All of them

Liver glycogen breakdown is stimulated by: Both (b) and (c) (Glucagon and Epinephrine)

Indicate the name and the number of enantiomers of a monosaccharide of five carbon atoms that contains a carbonyl group in the first carbon and 3 chiral atoms:
Indicate the false statement about the ΔG value of a chemical reaction: It indicates the direction in which the reaction occurs spontaneously

Which of these features is *not* one from signal transductions? Adaptation
Indicate the false statement about the pentose phosphate pathway: It takes place only in the liver