Building and Eroding Trust: Types, Behaviors, and Negotiation

Understanding Trust: Building, Eroding, and Negotiation Dynamics

Types of Trust

  • Deterrence-based Trust: Trust based on fear of consequences if violated.
  • Knowledge-based Trust: Trust founded on knowing the other party well enough to predict their behavior.
  • Identification-based Trust: The highest form of trust, where parties understand and appreciate each other’s wants and intentions.

Trust-Building Behaviors

  • Predictability/Consistency: Acting reliably and consistently over time.
  • Relaxed/Open Body Language: Non-verbal cues indicating comfort and openness.
  • Active Listening: Fully concentrating on, understanding, responding to, and remembering what is being said.
  • Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
  • Reciprocity: Exchanging things with others for mutual benefit.
  • Collaborating: Working jointly with others towards a common goal.

Trust-Eroding Behaviors

  • Inconsistent Behaviors: Actions that are unpredictable or contradictory.
  • Silence: Lack of communication or response.
  • Psychological Pressure/Threats: Using intimidation or coercion tactics.
  • Listening to Respond vs. Understand: Focusing on formulating a reply rather than comprehending the speaker’s message.
  • Focus on Self vs. Others: Prioritizing one’s interests over those of others.
  • Tense Posture: Body language indicating stress or discomfort.
  • Limited Eye Contact: Avoiding or minimizing eye contact during interactions.
  • Inappropriate Affect: Emotional responses that don’t match the situation.

Hurley’s “Decision to Trust” Factors

Decision-Maker Factors:

  • Risk Tolerance: The degree of uncertainty an individual is willing to accept.
  • Level of Adjustment: How well an individual adapts to new situations or environments.
  • Relative Power: The perceived balance of power between parties.

Situational Factors:

  • Security: The feeling of safety or protection in a given situation.
  • Number of Similarities: The degree to which parties share common traits or experiences.
  • Alignment of Interests: The extent to which goals and objectives are shared between parties.
  • Benevolent Concern: Genuine care for the well-being of others.
  • Capability: The ability to perform or achieve certain actions or outcomes.
  • Predictability and Integrity: Consistency in behavior and adherence to moral principles.
  • Level of Communication: The quality and quantity of information exchange.

Kramer’s “Rethinking Trust” Concepts

  • Natural Human Tendencies Concerning Trust: Innate inclinations in how people approach trust.
  • Benefits of Trusting Others: Positive outcomes that result from placing trust in others.
  • Potential Drawbacks of Misplaced Trust: Negative consequences that can occur when trust is given inappropriately.
  • Actions/Practices for Trusting More Wisely: Strategies to develop more discerning trust decisions.

Malhotra’s “Six Ways to Build Trust in Negotiations”

  • Speak Their Language: Communicate in a way that resonates with the other party.
  • Manage Your Reputation: Cultivate and maintain a positive image.
  • Make Dependence a Factor: Create situations where parties rely on each other.
  • Make Unilateral Concessions: Offer compromises without expecting immediate reciprocation.
  • Explain Your Demands: Provide clear rationales for your requests or positions.
  • Maximize Joint Gains: Seek outcomes that benefit all parties involved.

Negotiation Dynamics

  • Power in Negotiation: The ability to influence the outcome of a negotiation.
  • Sources of Power: Various factors that contribute to one’s influence in a negotiation.
  • Reservation Point: The least favorable point at which one will accept a negotiated agreement.
  • BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement): The most advantageous alternative course of action a party can take if negotiations fail.
  • Target or Aspiration Points: The ideal outcome a negotiator aims for.
  • Opening Offer: The initial proposal made in a negotiation.
Last edited 11 minutes ago