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Posted on Oct 7, 2023 in Other subjects

FRANCOS DICTATORSHIP

  • 2 periods:

  1. 1939-1959(autarchy and isolationism)

    1. April 1, 1939: Franco ends the war. Spain was neutral in WW2.

    2. 1946: UN condemned Spain.

    3. 1952: End of rationing

    4. 1953: Military and economic agreements between Spain and the United States.

    5. 1955: Spain member of UN

  2. 1959-1975(Development and opening)

    1. 1959: Stabilization plan, develop Industry and consumption. Founds ETA.

    2. 1966: Press law: With censorship but more flexible.

    3. 1969: Juan Carlos named succesor.

    4. 1973: ETA kill president Carrero Blanco.

    5. 1975: Last executions ordered.

    6. Novenver 20, 1975: Franco’s death

  1. Novenver 20, 1975: Franco’s death

VIETNAM WAR:

  • When and where: In Vietnam peninsule, between 1st November 1955 and 30th April 1975

  • Why: Because of the tension between USSR and USA to rule the world with his ideologies 

  • Who vs. who: North Vietnam (USSR) vs South Vietnam (USA)

  • How did it end: North Vietnam (communists) defeated South Vietnam (capitalists) 

  • Who won: North Vietnam

  • Consequences: North Vietnam started ruling all over Vietnam, as communist.

  • Significance: It was the bloodiest conflict of the Cold War.



THE BERLIN BLOCKADE

  • When and where: In Berlin from June 1948 to May 1949.

  • Why: 

    • United states and Britain created the bizone

    • They established the marshall plan to improve germany economy

    • The USSR wasn’t agree 

    • Stalin created another currency for East Berlin

    • Stalin forced an isolation of Western Berlin by a land blockade.  

  • Who vs. who: Soviet Union against the capitalists: United States, France, Britain,…

  • How did it end: On May 12, 1949. After the humiliation of the air bridge, Soviet Union lifts its 11 month blockade against West Berlin

  • Who won: Capitalists

  • Consequences: Solidified the division of Europe.

    • Western Allies created the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 

  • Significance: The separation of Germany

THE BERLIN WALL:

  • When and where: In Berlin from 13 August 1961 to 9 of November 1989.

  • Why: The bad relation between communist and allies caused the division of Germany.

    • The USSR wanted to prevent the population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin.

  • Who vs. who: West Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany VS East Berlin Socialist German Democratic Republic.

  • How did it end: Until november 9, 1989

    • Aperture of the borders between Austria and Hungary

    • The East German Communist Party announced that citizens of the GDR could cross the border

  • Who won: Capitalists

  • Consequences: Separation of families during the 28 years that the wall was stood up.

Significance: Symbolizes the ideological division through the Cold War, between the URSS and the capitalists countries.



SOVIET INVASION OF AFGHANISTAN:

  • When and where: December 24th 1979 – February 15 1989/Afghanistan border with USSR

  • Why: The soviets supposedly wanted to uphold the soviet-afghanan friend treaty of 1978.

  • Who vs. who: USSR against Afghanistan.

  • How did it end: The Soviet Union withdrew on February 15 1989, and Afghanistan returned to non-aligned status.

  • Who won: Afghanistan

  • Consequences:

    • The Soviets suffered some 15,000 dead.

    • They never recovered from public relations.

    • They never recovered from financial problems.

    • This led to the fall of the iron curtain.

    • The afghanans suffered from between 562.000 and 2.000.000 deaths.

  • Significance: 

    • There were many deaths.

    • USSR had to withdraw for the first time.

    • Last conflict of the cold war.

CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

  • When and where: In October of 1962

  • in Cuba, in the Caribbean sea

  • Why: 

  • Who vs. who: USA vs USSR

  • How did it end:Usa discovered Ussr’s base 

    • Ussr’s removed missiles base

    • Ussr returned home

  • Who won: USA

  • Consequences: 

    • The Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba.

    • America promised that they would not invade Cuba.

    • America secretly removed their missiles from Turkey in 1963.

Significance: The hotest moment of the cold war → it was near a nuclear bomb



KOREAN WAR:

  • 1950-1953 Korea

  • Because of different ideologies and to win power.

  • North Korea(Communist) vs South Korea(Capitalist)

  • Ended in division of the country

  • No winner, nowadays it continues.

  • The first war after ww2 and it continues nowadays

REASONS FOR COLD WAR

  • 1955, allies decide the end of the war

  • August 1945, Atomic bombs of USA to Japan

  • March 1946, Churchill speech about Iron Curtain

  • 1947, Truman develop his doctrine

  • 1948, Czechoslovakia becomes communist

  • June 1947, Marshall plan

  • 1948-1949: Berlin blockaded

  • 1949, NATO is created

  • 1949, USSR first attack with atomic bombs

  • 1955, Warsaw pact