Child Language Acquisition and EFL Teaching Methods
Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development
- Sensorimotor
- Preoperational
- Concrete Operational
- Formal Operational
Interlanguage
Interlanguage is a mixture of vocabulary and grammar from the learner’s first language and the target language.
Stages in Language Acquisition
- Pre-production (Silent Period)
- Early Production (Sounds)
- Speech Emergence (Sounds of the mother tongue)
- Intermediate Fluency (One-word stage)
- Advanced Fluency (Two-word stage)
Acquisition Requires Meaningful Interaction
True.
Stages of Language Proficiency and Activities
- Silent Stage: Silent period
- Early Production Stage: One or two-word phrases
- Speech Emergence Stage: Simple sentences
- Intermediate Language Proficiency: Sharing thoughts
- Advanced Language Proficiency: Strong grammar and vocabulary
Karen’s (Likely referring to Krashen) Stages of Second Language Acquisition
- The Silent Stage
- The Early Production Stage
- The Speech Emergence Stage
- Intermediate Language Proficiency
- Advanced Language Proficiency
First Acquisition in Babies
The first thing a baby acquires is intonation.
Development of Communicative Competence
The development of communicative competence is gradual.
Benefits of Using Games in English Language Teaching
Both answers are true (assuming there were options presented, all positive options are valid).
Stages of a Listening Lesson
- Pre-listening
- While-listening
- Post-listening
Solutions for Listening Problems
- Message-related problems: Find visual aids or draw pictures.
- Listener-related problems: Provide background knowledge.
- Speaker-related problems: Make students aware of different native speaker accents.
Routines and Speaking Practice
False. Routines are good opportunities to practice speaking.
Segmentation in Language
Segmentation is the process of… (Sentence was incomplete, but likely refers to dividing speech into sounds or words). True.
Drama in Language Learning
Drama encourages children to speak and gives them confidence.
Synthetic Phonics Definition
Synthetic phonics involves learning to pronounce sounds and blending them to read words.
Multi-Sensory Reading and Writing Method
Jolly Phonics is a multi-sensory method that helps children read and write English.
“Tricky” Words
“Tricky” words are those words that do not follow the regular phonetic rules. True
Phonetics Terminology
- Single unit of sound: Phoneme
- The written representation of a sound: Grapheme
- Two letters that represent one sound: Digraph
Blending in Phonics
Blending is the process of joining sounds together to read a word. True.
Phonetic Terminology Examples
- Three letters that make one sound: Trigraph
- Two letters that make one sound: Digraph
- Two letters that represent two distinct sounds, separated by another letter: Split Digraph
Language Skills Classification
- Speaking: Output
- Reading: Input
- Writing: Output
- Listening: Input
When to Use Games in Class
All answers are true (assuming all options are positive reasons to use games).
Grammar Translation Method
This method pays a lot of attention to grammar.
CEFR/MCER
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), also known as MCER, measures the level of understanding and speaking in different languages.
Krashen’s Affective Filter Hypothesis (Motivation)
According to Krashen, motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety affect language acquisition. (The original statement was “FALSO”, which is incorrect, so it has been corrected here.)
Most Important Aspects in Infant Cycle
The most important aspects in the Infant Cycle are listening and speaking.
Intercultural Competence
Intercultural competence has to do with a way of thinking, behaving, or working across cultures.
Krashen and Grammatical Structures
Krashen believes that learners acquire grammatical structures in a predictable order. (Original statement was “V”, which likely means “Verdadero” or True).
PPP (Presentation, Practice, Production)
PPP are the main moments in Communicative Language Teaching.
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)
Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is… Both answers are OK (assuming both answers describe CLIL accurately).
Components of Communicative Competence
- Understanding how ideas are connected: Discourse competence
- Using and understanding grammar: Grammatical competence
- Knowing the social rules of language: Sociolinguistic competence
- Using techniques to overcome communication breakdowns: Strategic competence
Main Objective in the Infant Cycle
The main objective in the infant cycle is to communicate.
Teaching Methods and Characteristics
- An environment that makes students feel relaxed: Suggestopedia
- Students respond physically to commands: TPR (Total Physical Response)
- Reading dialogues aloud: Audiolingual Method
- Repetition is a key element: Audiolingual Method
- The teacher is mainly quiet: Silent Way
- Grammar is not explicitly taught: Natural Approach
Language Levels
- Beginner level: A
- Intermediate level: B
- High level: C
Multiple Intelligences Activities
- Drawing something learned: Visual/Spatial
- Observing nature: Naturalistic
- Learning numbers: Logical/Mathematical
- Listening to a story: Linguistic
- Ordering elements of a story: Logical/Mathematical
- Moving as the teacher says: Bodily/Kinesthetic
Intelligence Definition
Intelligence is the ability to…
Student-Centered Method
This method (TPR) focuses on students.
Compulsory Education in Spain
Compulsory education in Spain is from 6 to 16 years old.
Skills classification
- Writing: Output skill
- Reading: Input Skill
- Speaking: Output Skill
- Listening: Input Skill
Krashen’s Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
Krashen believes acquisition is a subconscious process. (Original statement was “falso”, which is incorrect).
Krashen’s Monitor Hypothesis
Krashen believes a learner improves and corrects their language production through the Monitor. (Original statement was “verdadero”, which is correct).
Visible and Invisible Culture
- Visible: Food, dress, language
- Invisible: Values, beliefs, notions of time
Intercultural Competence Definition
Intercultural competence is the ability to interact effectively with people from different cultures, requiring specific skills and attitudes.
Suggestopedia Method
This method is based on creating a relaxed and suggestive learning environment.
Multiple Intelligences Examples
- Using gestures and body language: Bodily/Kinesthetic Intelligence
- Discriminating flora and fauna: Naturalistic Intelligence
- Using abstract symbols: Logical/Mathematical Intelligence
- Knowing oneself: Intrapersonal Intelligence
- Leading and organizing others: Interpersonal Intelligence
Direct Method Focus
This method focuses on speaking.
Communicative Competence Definition
Communicative competence is the ability to understand and use language effectively in real-life situations.
Drilling Exercises
Drilling exercises involve repetition and pattern practice. (Original statement was “veradero”, which is correct).
Main Focus in Communicative Language Teaching
The main focus in communicative language teaching is the students.
Teaching Methods and Characteristics (Continued)
- Pays a lot of attention to pronunciation: Audiolingual Method
- Students correct other students: Direct Method
- Teacher is a demonstrator: Direct Method
- Uses the PPP (Presentation, Practice, Production) framework: Communicative Approach
- Grammar rules are learned inductively: Direct Method
- Teacher-centered class: Grammar Translation Method
- Use of oral drills and pattern practice: Audiolingual Method