Construction Project Management and Execution Guide

Posted on Aug 25, 2024 in Other subjects

Project Overview

Project: A comprehensive set of documents and plans that justify, define, condition, and value the elements of a work in sufficient detail for another technician to conduct related work. The project is structured as follows: Memory, Plans, Technical Specification Particular, and Budget.

Key Project Documents

Memory

The Memory is a synthesis of the project, providing a rapid understanding for the reader. It is typically created last and includes:

  • Background and purpose of the project
  • Description of the work environment
  • Description and justification of the solution adopted
  • Budgets
  • Performance requirements
  • Other relevant information

Appendices to the Report:

  • Baseline Data: Identifying needs, knowledge of the terrain and environment.
  • Computing Annexes: Studies and calculations required for sizing various elements of the work.
  • Price Justification Annex: Justifies the exercise price of each material of construction units.

Plans

Plans: The No. 2 document of the project, essential for graphically defining the designed works as a whole and in all its parts.

Scales: The scale represents the relationship between the length of a segment on the drawing and its actual length. The larger the denominator, the smaller the scale. Plans should be drawn at rates established in the UNE:

  • Detail: 1/5, 1/10, 1/20, 1/50
  • General Definition: 1/100, 1/200, 1/500, 1/1,000, 1/2,000, 1/5,000
  • Topographical: 1/10,000, 1/25,000, 1/50,000

Formats: Plan drawings must adhere to dimensions that are multiples of the following formats:

  • Series A: A4 (210×297), A3 (297×420), A2 (420×594), A1 (594×841), A0 (841×1189)
  • Series B: Obtained from Series A (See Image and Image )
  • Series C: Obtained from Series B (See Image and Image )

Series B and C are not typically used for plans.

Technical Specification Particular (PPTP)

PPTP: Document # 3 of the project, outlining essential conditions for the works. It sets conditions for materials, implementation of work units, measurement, and payment.

PPTP Content: Rules and regulations, description of works, terms of materials, performance requirements of the units of work, testing and testing, measurement and payment of the work, general conditions.

Budget

Budget: Document # 4 of the project, serving two purposes: assessing the works and providing a basis for tendering. It is divided into:

  • Measurements
  • Pricing Tables
  • Budgets: Partial or General

Construction Contracts and Legal Aspects

Types of Contracts

The Private Contract of Works: Regulated by private law, with two key aspects:

  • No specific stiffness of administrative contracts
  • Relationship of equality between the contracting parties under the principle of autonomy

Types of Private Contracts:

  • Contract work to measure: Based on unit prices and measurement of work performed.
  • Contract work to fixed price: A fixed price calculated a priori.
  • Management contracts for work: The contractor acts as an intermediary, providing resources for a fee based on real costs.

Contract Award Procedures

Procedure for Award of Contracts of Works of the State:

  • Open Measures: All interested contractors may submit a proposal.
    • Auction: Awarded to the lowest bidder.
    • Competition: Awarded to the most advantageous bidder based on specified criteria.
  • Restricted Procedure: Only pre-selected employers may submit proposals.
  • Negotiated Procedure: Awarded to the best offer after negotiation and consultation.

Contract Termination

Termination of Contract Works: Can be due to resolution (abnormal termination) or compliance (normal conclusion).

Contract Termination Phase:

  • Resolution: Before or during the execution of works.
  • Compliance: Receipt, warranty period, settlement, release of security, hidden defects.

Construction Management and Execution

Organization of Work

Organization of Work: Involves providing appropriate resources and establishing efficient procedures, focusing on speed, economy, and quality. Three phases are distinguished: preparation, implementation, and enforcement.

Cost Management

Direct Costs: Elements directly involved in the implementation of each unit of work (Manpower, Materials, Equipment, Personnel Costs).

Indirect Costs: Derived from the execution of the work but not attributable to a specific Work Unit (Facilities Work, Wages and Salaries, Contingencies).

Materials and Quality Control

Conditions to be Satisfied by Materials:

  • Definition (unique characteristics)
  • Origin (Determination of origin of their defining characteristics)
  • Quality (physico-chemical and mechanical requirements)

Project Planning and Scheduling

PERT Basics:

  • Activity: Act needed to achieve an objective, characterized by duration and resources used.
  • Event: Initial and final state of all activity.
  • Path: Sequence of activities linked by events.

Critical Path: The longest path in the project, determining the total project duration.

Other Important Considerations

Price Review: Recognizes an increase in contract prices due to rising costs of labor, materials, and energy.

Units and Measurement Standards: Define units of measurement and rules for their application.

Signatures of the Project: Required on various project documents, including the Memory, PPTP, and price tables.

Conclusion

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of construction project management and execution, covering key aspects from project initiation to completion. Understanding these principles and procedures is crucial for successful project delivery.