Effective Communication and Human Relations in the Workplace
Item 7: Communication in the Workplace
1. What Kinds of Communication Exist in a Joint Function of the Net Used?
- Formal Communication: Results from the formal organizational structure of the company and is subject to certain rules, procedures, and channels.
- Informal Communication: Not set intentionally, if it is raised around the social relations of the members.
2. Types of Formal Communication Networks
- Chain: Communication flows vertically from top-down or bottom-up.
- Star: Represents a supervisor responsible for several subordinates who do not interrelate.
- In Fork: Represents two subordinates reporting to a superior who in turn informs a top two levels.
- In Circle: Members interact only with those beside them. Represents a hierarchy on three levels where there is communication between supervisors and subordinates (horizontal communication) and communication between the lowest levels (lateral communication).
- Completely Online: Allows each of the members to communicate with the rest. No position of authority.
3. What are the Three Types of Communication in Different Information Flows?
- Downward Communication: The issuer is a superior, and the recipient is an employee or group of workers at lower levels.
- Upward Communication: The sender is an employee of lower rank, and the receiver is superior in the company hierarchy.
- Horizontal Communication: Communication between the same level hierarchy.
- Transversal Communication: Communication between members of different departments and different levels of hierarchy.
4. What Barriers Can Occur in Downward Communication?
- No adjustment of the transmission to the recipient’s needs.
- Information overload.
- Presence of attitudes and stereotypes in the receiver that affect the interpretation of the message.
- Subordinates do not produce feedback for fear of being punished.
5. Types of Communication in Different Media
- Oral Communication: Through voice, either directly or through some means (telephone, speaker, etc.).
- Written Communication: Requires graphic signs and reading ability of the receiver.
6. Types of Communication as a Function of Frequency
- Permanent Communication.
- Fixed Periodicity Communication.
- Variable-Frequency Communication.
- Occasional Communication.
7. Types of Communication as a Function of the Number of Participants
- Dyad: 2.
- Small Group: 3 to 5.
- Large Group (with a transmitter).
8. What are the General Stages that Must be Followed to Make Good Communication?
- Preparation of the communication.
- Elaboration of the communication.
- Transmission of the communication.
9. Media in Employee Communication
Letter, informative note, announcement board, email, suggestion box, internal newspaper, interviews, meetings, reports, signage, minutes.
Item 8: Human Relations
1. What Characterizes the Human Being in the Early Stages of Life?
Dependence on other human beings.
2. What is Due to the Complexity of Human Relationships?
The number of factors involved in them.
3. List the Factors that Can Intervene in Human Relationships
Personality, attitudes, prejudices, solidarity, attraction, affiliation, conformity, obedience, human groups of belonging, reference groups.
4. Define Personality
The structuring or organization of psychic and biological factors that determine a peculiar way of adapting to an environment in which one lives.
5. What Determines the Personality of an Individual with Respect to Their Work Environment?
Therefore, it determines behavior.
6. How are Attitudes Defined?
Predispositions to respond positively or negatively to an object or a medium.
7. Characteristics of Attitudes
Express stable systems of knowledge, feelings, and behavioral tendencies. Specific causes to people or facts can be learned. The education and training received are difficult to change. We do not have goals.
8. What Issues Often Involve Prejudice?
Beliefs and negative perceptions of rapid groups, social, geographic, etc.
9. What are Beliefs Based on Prejudice?
Assumptions and misleading arguments.
10. Why Does Attraction Occur Between People?
Reinforcement or similarity, reward, proximity.
11. What is Affiliation?
The human need for integration, relation, and closeness with others.
12. What Implies Conformity?
“I agree with what the general or majority says.”