Effective Linking Words and Phrases for Writing

Useful expressions and linking words/phrases

Listing Points

  • Firstly, First of all, In the first place, To begin/start with
  • Secondly, Thirdly, Finally

Listing Advantages

  • One/Another/A further/An additional (major) advantage of… is …
  • The main/greatest/first advantage of… is …

Listing Disadvantages

  • One/Another/ A further/An additional (major) disadvantage/drawback of…
  • The main/greatest/most serious/first disadvantage /drawback of…
  • Another negative aspect of…

Introducing Points/Arguments

  • One (very convincing) point/argument in favour of… / against
  • A further common criticism of… / It could be argued that…..
  • Often claimed/suggested
  • It is widely argued maintained that…..
  • Generally felt/believed/held

Expressing Opinions

Some/many/most people/experts/scientist/skeptics/critics

  • Claim/suggest/argue/feel that…
  • Maintain/believe/point out/agree/hold that…
  • Advocate (+ing/noun)/support the view that…
  • Oppose the view that…
  • Are in favour of/against…
  • Are of the opinion that/convinced that…
  • Are opposed to…

Adding More Points

  • In addition (to this), furthermore, moreover, besides, apart from, what is more
  • As well as, not to mention (the fact) that, also, not only … but also/as well
  • Both … and, There is another side to the issue/question/argument of…

Making Contrasting Points

  • On the other hand, however, still, yet, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, even so
  • It may be said/argued/claimed that,…
  • Others/many people oppose this viewpoint/strongly disagree…, claim/feel/believe this argument is incorrect/misguided
  • Although, though, even though, while, whilst, whereas, despite/in spite of (the fact that), regardless of the fact that
  • Opponents of … argue/believe/claim that…
  • The fact that… contradicts the belief/idea that…
  • While it is true to say that…, in fact…
  • While/Although …, it cannot be denied that…

Useful expressions and linking words/phrases

Introducing Examples

  • For example, for instance, such as, like, in particular, particularly, especially
  • This is (clearly) illustrated/shown by the fact that…
  • One/A clear/striking/ typical example of (this)…
  • The fact that…. shows/illustrates that…

Emphasizing a Point

  • Clearly, obviously, it is obvious, naturally, of course, needless to say, indeed

Expressing Reality

  • In fact, the fact (of the matter) is, actually, in practice, it is a fact that, in effect

Making General Statements

  • As a (general) rule, generally, in general, on the whole, by and large, in most cases

Making Partially Correct Statements

  • To a certain extent/degree, to some extent/degree, in a way/sense, this is partly true (but)
  • To a limited extent, there is some truth in (this), in some cases, up to a point

Explaining/Clarifying a Point

  • In other words, that is to say, this/which means that

Expressing Cause

  • Owing to, due to (the fact that), on account of, on the grounds that, given that, because, as, since

Expressing Effect

  • Therefore, thus, as a result/consequence, consequently, so, for this reason
  • If… were to happen, … the effect/result would be…

Expressing Intention

  • To, so as to, in order to, so that, with the intention of (+ing)

Useful expressions and linking words/phrases: Conclusion expressing balanced considerations/opinion indirectly

  • In conclusion,
  • On balance,
  • All things considered,
  • Taking everything into account/consideration,
  • To conclude,
  • To sum up,
  • All in all,
  • Finally/Lastly

Useful expressions and linking words/phrases: Conclusion expressing opinion directly

  • In conclusion,
  • On balance,
  • All things considered,
  • Taking everything into account/consideration,
  • To conclude,
  • To sum up,
  • All in all,