Effective Writing and Communication Guide
Key Writing Concepts
Purpose and Audience
Reason: The voice and message are crucial for effective communication.
Agenda: A targeted plan helps organize thoughts and tasks.
Communication Types
Anecdotes: A means of communication between individuals or institutions to address personal, commercial, administrative, or other matters.
Blog: A platform for sharing information, connecting with an audience, and fostering discussion.
Dialogue: Requires clarity in grammar and spelling.
Interview: A conversation between two people where one seeks to learn about the other’s life, views, or experiences.
- Portrait/Character Interview: The interviewer adds data about the interviewee.
- Effective/Informative Interview: Focuses on the conversation and the event.
Email: A commonly used tool for effective, economical, and fast global communication.
Message: A helpful and quick way to convey information that cannot be communicated orally.
Descriptive Writing
Description: Presenting information on a topic orally or in writing.
Prosopography: Describing the external characteristics of a person or animal.
Etopella: Describing internal characteristics, such as skills and tastes.
Topography: Describing a rural or urban, real or imaginary place.
Narrative Writing
Narration: The story of a real or imaginary event, situated in time and place.
Narrative – Explicit Intradiegetic Narrator: Protagonist or main antagonist.
Narrative – Extradiegetic Narrator: Told in the first person.
Narrative – Prospecting: Hints at future events.
Narrative – Hindsight: A reversal of time.
Myth: A narrative created to explain the origin of things.
News: The story of an event of interest to a community.
Chronicle: A regular and compact text detailing how an event happened.
Expository Writing
Exposition: Recounted in the third person.
Expository Text: Aims to inform readers.
Informative Expository Texts: Report data with explanations, analogies, examples, and descriptions.
Monograph: Exposes events and social characteristics of a cultural or scientific phenomenon and its importance to society.
Argumentative Writing
Argumentation: Presents reasons and evidence to support a claim.
Textual Elements
Textual Markers: i.e., because of this, for some reason, however, nevertheless.
Connectors: hence, also, then, just as.
Coherence: Ideas are presented neatly and logically.
Cohesion: A unit with a beginning, middle, and end, where each part connects to the others.
Two Inks: Used for titles, dates, and definitions.
Text Types: Message, letter, email, class notes, journal.
Text Characters: Private writings for personal use.
Card Types: Personal, business, government.
Research and Information Gathering
Research: An activity that guides us to knowledge.
Scientific Research: Seeks new knowledge or solutions to current problems.
Research Report – Theoretical Framework: Supported by books or other documents reviewed by the author.
Informative Summary/Description: A brief written account of a work or event.
Information Organization: Overview, mind map, outline.
Language and Style
Writing Styles: Personal, impersonal, conversational, educational, literary, advertising.
Language Functions: Emotive, conative, phatic, informative, literary, metalinguistic.
Homophone: Different words with the same sound.
H: No phoneme.
Syllable: A unit of pronunciation.
Tonic Syllable: The loudest syllable in a word.
Punctuation: Provides clarity and meaning to writing.
Precise Punctuation: Avoids misinterpretations and ambiguities.
Reading and Writing Processes
Stages of Reading Process: Preparation, reading, post-reading.
Stages of Writing Process: Planning, writing, rewriting, revising, styling.
Other
Importance: Lies in the need for independent prayers.
Images and Reactions: Words and sounds create mental images and reactions.
Technicality: Words specific to various branches of science.
Research Types: Document, scene, field.