EFL Teaching: Key Concepts and Common Misconceptions
Key Concepts in EFL Teaching and Linguistics
Indicate the incorrect option:
Lexicology includes the study of:
The use of lexical items by speakers of different social classes.
Teaching lexis in EFL includes:
Teaching the lexical item through jazz chants.
Ways of presenting the semantics of a lexical item include:
Dictation of the word.
Teaching the various meaning relationships of a lexical item includes:
Word truncations.
Teaching the form of a lexical item includes:
Translation into students’ mother tongue.
Grammar can be appropriately defined as:
The use of correct words in a sentence.
Grammar studies the following units of language:
The text.
Parts of the sentence include:
The noun.
Parts of speech include:
Predicates.
Accuracy-oriented grammar practice activities include:
Free discourse: students talk freely about a topic of their choice for five minutes without teacher feedback.
When presenting a grammatical structure to elementary level students, it is advisable for the teacher to do the following:
Use linguistic terminology to explain the structure.
Theoretical linguistics includes:
Sociolinguistics.
The text: “The baby cried so the mother…” has the following cohesive resources:
- The conjunction “so”
- Sandra: cultural knowledge: the mother is the baby’s mother.
As regards pragmatics:
- It studies the meaning of different contexts.
- Deictic forms such as I, you… refer to persons, places, and moments.
Some areas in which applied linguistics may be used for conscious interventions on language use include:
Deciding what aspects of language changes should be accepted or rejected.
Some areas in which applied linguistics may be used for conscious interventions on language use include:
Deciding which languages are linguistically better and intrinsically more valid.
As regards the development of EFLT:
The system adopted by the army, the “army method,” was based on the “informal method” developed by linguists such as Chomsky.
In the audiolingual method approach:
A lesson began with drills and exercises on pronunciation, morphology, and grammar, followed by students’ exposure to aural-oral material.
In the structural approach to FLT:
There is an explicit reference to the current learning theory.
The theory of language underlying Audiolingualism:
Has its ultimate intellectual sources in Darwin’s On the Origin of Species.
Structuralist linguistics:
Discovered patterns of linguistic organization through the investigation of American Indian languages.
The theory of learning in Audiolingualism argues that:
Deductions from rules, explanations, and explicit analysis of structure should be given to students.
Audiolingualism:
Encourages translation or use of student’s native language for complex structures.
Communicative language teaching (CLT):
Was influenced by American Indian languages studied by Bloomfield.
Communicative language teaching (CLT):
Describes language basically through grammatical structures.
In communicative language teaching (CLT):
The strong version claims that language is acquired through learning the linguistic system and then using it for communication.
According to the theory of language in CLT:
The aim of language teaching is that the student learns to produce current language.
Among the characteristics of real-life communicative and listening situations are:
The visual channel is not involved in listening situations.
Among the characteristics of informal spoken discourse are:
It is usually grammatical, consisting of grammatically correct and complete sentences.
Among the characteristics of informal spoken discourse are:
The speaker’s talk is often repeated verbatim; normally it is heard at least twice.
Redundancy in informal talk is produced by:
Absence of repetitions.
The speaker adapts his/her talk to the characteristics of the hearer through the following:
The speaker takes the listener’s character, intentions, pre-existing knowledge, and objectives into account when speaking.
In situational language teaching:
The objective is to teach a practical command of the four basic skills of language.
In Audiolingualism:
The learner is a negotiator, an interactor.
In the communicative language approach:
Skills are learned more effectively if oral precedes written.
Possible problems teachers may come across in their teaching:
Too much to say.
Informal speech has various interesting features:
Informal speech tends to be very grammatical.
Ideas for improving the learner’s pronunciation:
Letter writing.
Phonology:
Phonology studies human articulatory organs.