Emergency Procedures for Single-Engine Aircraft

Posted on Aug 2, 2024 in Language

**Engine Failure During T/O Run**

  • With sufficient runway available: When the instructor PIC/PM says stop: Throttle idle – Brakes apply full forward – Report tower take off rejected
  • Without sufficient runway available: When the instructor PIC/PM says stop: Throttle idle – Brakes apply maximum – Mixture idle cut off – Fuel selector closed – Magneto selector off – If possible report tower take off rejected

**Engine Failure Immediately After Take Off**

  • Lower the aircraft nose in order to reach a safely speed of 80kt
  • Prepare for a forced landing straight ahead
  • Mixture idle cut off – Fuel selector closed – Fuel pump pb off – Magneto selector off – If possible report the emergency situation to tower (call mayday and state your position and intentions)
  • Flaps as required – Main and alternator pb off – Caution: if necessary carry out a small turn as soon as possible in order to avoid any obstacle and land straight ahead

**Engine Failure In Flight (Above 500ft)**

  • Lower the aircraft nose in order to reach a maximum glide speed of 85 kt
  • Try to restart the engine: Mixture full rich – Fuel selector switch tanks – Fuel pump pb on – When the engine starts continue normal flight – If the engine does not start carry out a dorced landing without engine power procedure

**Engine Failure In Flight**

  • Lower the aircraft nose in order to maintain a safe speed of 85 kt – Trim the aircraft
  • Try to restart the engine: Mixture full rich – Fuel selector switch tanks – Fuel pump pb on – When the engine starts continue normal flight – If the engine does not start: Mixture idle cut off – Throttle ½ inch open – Fuel quantity check both fuel gages – Fuel selector select fullest tank – Magneto selector check in both position – Main and alt pb check on – Try to restart the engine with the starter (if the propeller has stopped) – When the engine starts slowly enrich the mixture until re-start – Continue normal flight – If the engine does not start: Carry out a forced landing without engine power

**Low Oil Pressure**

  • When the oil warning light is illuminated and the pressure indicator is in the red low sector – Throttle reduce as far as possible – Oil temperature checked – Caution: if the oil temperature is in the red sector, reduce throttle, prepare for a forced landing and or land as soon as possible

**Forced Landing With Engine Shutdown**

  • Airspeed 85kt – Trim the aircraft – If possible report the emergency situation to tower – Call mayday and state your position and intentions – Determine the wind direction and select a site – Mixture idle cut off – Fuel selector closed – Fuel pump pb off – Magneto selector off – Seatbelts secured – Flaps as required – Main and alt pb off – Caution: carry out the forced landing with full flaps whenever possible

**Forced Landing With Engine Running**

  • Airspeed 85kt – Determine the wind direction and selet a suitable site – Flaps set for landing – Report position and intentions – Seatbelts fastened – Approach procedure carried out – Final approach normal – Before the aircraft touches the ground: Throttle idle – Mixture idle cut off – Fuel selector closed – Fuel pump pb off – Magneto selector off – Main and alt pb off

**Engine Fire During Start Up**

  • Mixture idle cut off – Starter keep on starting – Throttle full forward – Fuel selector closed – Fuel pump pb off – If the fire persists: Main and alt pb off – Magneto selector off – Get clear of the aircraft inmediatelly and use the fire extinguisher if possible

**Engine Fire In Flight**

  • Fuel selector closed – Mixture idle cut off – Throttle full forward – Cabin air cooling and demisting fire cut off – Magneto selector off – After the engine has stopped: Report emergency situation to tower – Main and alt pb off – Carry out the forced landing procedure – Caution: no attempt should be made to restart the engine after a fire. If the engine flames affect the cockpit carry out a glide with slight slip

**Electrical Fire In Flight**

  • If the fire is in the engine compartment: Main and alt pb off – Cabin air cooling and demisting fire cut off – Land as soon as possible
  • If the fire is in the cabin: Main and alt pb off – Al electrical switches except magnetos off – Cabin air cooling and demisting fire cut off – Use the onboard fire extinguisher – Land as soon as possible
  • In both cases if the fire is out and electrical power is necessary to continue the flight: Main pb on – Circuit brakers chech for faulty circuit, do not reset – Radio/essential equipment on one at a time – Cabing air cooling and demisting open when the fire is out – Land as soon as possible – Caution: if the fire does not go out prepare for a forced landing

**Alternator Failure**

  • If the alternator warning light is illuminated: Main pb off – Voltmeter checked – If the voltmeter is in the green sector: Main pb on – Continue normal flight and note it down in the dialy maintenance record
  • If the voltmeter is in the yellow or red sector: Main pb on – Alternator pb reset – Voltmeter checked – If the voltmeter continues to be in the yellow or red sector: Alternator pb off – Non essential electrical equipment off – Land as soon as possible – Caution: monitor the battery discharge. Approximate battery duration 50 min

**Landing With Stabilator Failure**

  • Control the aircraft with trim and throttle – Complete the approach procedure – Carry out a straight in approach from afar – Airspeed 85kt – Flaps as required( landing recommended) – Fuel pump pb on – Mixture full rich – Propeller full forward – Adjust throttle and pitch trim in order to maintain a rate of descent lower than 500 ft min – Flare out near the ground with the pitch trim – Use the throttle as much as possible so that the airspeed does not drop below 70kt – Caution: do not reduce throttle to idle position until the aircraft is on the ground

**Landing With Aileron Control Failure**

  • Airspeed (as soon as possible) above 70 kt – Flaps (if extended) immediately up – Aircraft control with rudder – Landing: Approach procedure carried out – Carry out a straight in approach from afar – Airspeed 85 kt – Flaps up – Propeller full forward – Adjust throttle in order to maintain a rate of descent lower than 500 ft min – Maintain the aircraft on the runway axis while using rudder – Flare out softly near the ground – Use throttle as much as possible so that the airspeed does not drop below 70kt – With the aircraft on the ground: Throttle idle – Nose wheel lower – Brakes apply

**Airspeed Indicator Failure**

  • Pitot heat pb on – If the failure persist: Select a suitable airport and proceed to land – Approach procedure carried out – Carry out a straight in approach from afar – Flaps set for take off – Propeller full forward – Throttle as required (15’’ in approach) – Rate of descent 200-300 ft min – Caution: do not reduce throttle to idle until the aircraft is close to the ground