Employer Contributors and Trademark Essentials
Employer Contributors
The scope of employees is organizational, aiming to achieve collaborative work objectives. The employer organizes activities within the company. Contributors include:
- Internal Relationships: Legal ties between employees and employer (employment contracts), governed by labor law.
- External Relationships: Employer’s connections with third parties through partners.
Partner Types
- Dependent Partners: Subordinate relationship with the employer, governed by employment contracts.
- Independent Partners: Governed by commercial contracts (agency, mediation, commission).
Representation occurs when a partner binds the employer to third parties through their actions.
Commercial Legal Advertising
The Register
The Companies Registry is a public agency providing legal publicity. It’s divided by provinces, with a Central Registry compiling information. The BORME (Official Gazette of Companies) publishes daily updates.
Registration Effects
- Declarative: The register declares an act or contract that is legally valid.
- Constitutive: Registration is required for the act or contract to be valid.
Trademarks
A trademark distinguishes goods or services in the market. It can be verbal, graphic, iconic, three-dimensional, sound, or mixed.
Main Kinds of Marks
- Collective Brand: Distinguishes goods or services of association members.
- Guarantee Brand: Certifies common characteristics (quality, origin) under the owner’s control.
- Known or Famous Mark: Unregistered but well-known in Spain, granting similar rights as a registered mark.
- International Brand: Derives from international registration, effective in Spain upon request.
- CTM (Community Trade Mark): Provides protection across the European Union.