English
Emily Dickinson (never left home etc.) – nursery rhymes, “Because I could not stop for Death”
Whitman (Romantisism) – Song of myself
“The Lady of Shalott” – Alfred Lord Tennyson (events, lyrical subject, lyrical situation and lyrical character) narrative poetry – may identify lyrical situation which can be converted to events in a novel.
Masterton Grahem – Rules of writing
“The Three Feathers” – Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm (Simpleton, king, lazy brothers etc)
THE ART OF FICTION and The portrait of a Lady by Henry James + quotes
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain (American motives, traditional Europe etc) (written in American English) +quotes by him
Edgar Lee Masters – The Hill
Martin Eden – Chapter 1
Definition of interpretation – “The interpretation is a darkening of the original light which shines in the myth itself.” It’s often more negative than the original (deeper meaning etc)
Dramatis personae – “the people involved” – suggests counting people at the beginning and at the end.
Structure of the story: 1) troubles at the beginning – “peripeteia”- the ups and downs 2) climax – decisive point – can be tragic or happy In primitive stories: no lysis or catastrophe – story just peters out or gets stupid. Also there can be a double end to the lysis – happy ending followed by a negative remark done by storyteller – “rite de sortie”
Psychological interpretation – “reading sth into it which is not in it”
WHAT will be on the TEST? – The art of transforming into sth better. Interpr. Is also a work of art itself. Interpetation takes some talent “stalking”. It’s unnecessary, because myth speaks for itself. According to the Author it’s only half true (Marie Louise von France- student of Jung.) “art or craft” which can be practiced
4 stages: 1. Exposition (time & place) once upon a time 2. dramatis personae – people involved 3. naming of a problem – define the trouble psychologically 4. peripeteia – the plot (ups and downs) – climax – lysis or catastrophe – rite de sortie
Hermeneutics – etymology (from Greek god Hermes – a messanger), it’s understanding, interpretation, translation, we firstly need to understand; 1st phase
1. Context of understanding is historically developed one. 2. It asks us to take works of literature seriously with regard to the subject matter and to engage dialogically in a process of clarifying an issue. 3. Later philosophical hermeneutics stems from the work of Martino Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadarber (Hans – philosopher of language where world is already interpreted in a language; Martino – existence of “Being” – sein (force)) 4. collection of observation – Schleienmahers generalization of hermeneutics that are specific to particular fields of discourse into systematic set of procedures applicable to any fields 5. Interpreters need 2 talents: “research into the lg” and “grasping the individual”. They need to have a good knowledge of lg but should be able to refer to the author’s life and him/ger as an individual 6. Divination (roots) – from French deviner – to guess, to conjecture or from Latin: divinus – prophetic 7. What kind of referee does hermeneutics attain? It attains understanding through both “reference to lg. and reference to the one who speaks” grammatical, technicala, philosophical interpretation.
Martin Eden – NATURALISM – is a literary movement that emphasizes observation and the scientific method in the fictional portrayal of reality. Jack London – wilderness, fight for survival. “Call of the Wild”, adventure novels Chicago school of poetry (Chicago reneicansse) :1) Edgar Lee Masters; 2) Carl Saudburg (half-speaking, half-singing, simple lg, no imaginery, straight-forward) 3) EduinAirlington Robinson –realism all of them1) Edgar Lee Masters; 2) Carl Saudburg (half-speaking, half-singing, simple lg, no imaginery, straight-forward) 3) EduinAirlington Robinson –realism all of them (half-speaking, half-singing, simple , no , straight-forward) 3) Robinson –realism all of them Spoon river anthology – Edgar Lee Masters (he was a lawyer too) 1st poem THE HILL: Where are Elmer, Herman, Bert, Tom and Charley, The weak of will, the strong of arm, the clown, the boozer, the fighter? (…) – dead people topic Minerwa Carl Sandburg – “The fog”, “ Jones”, “The Sea” – the sea is never still, Child moon, Chicago MODERNISM 1914 to 1945 (page 60-61, 62) “THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA”- Ernest Hemingway, naturalist and modernist and modernist
MODERNISM – crisis of traditional values, crisis of identity. Civilisation became sth broken, messy, technical advancement, replacement of people; Fitzgerald, Crane, Stevens, Forst (modernist poetry) of traditional values, of identity. became sth broken, messy, technical advancement, replacement of people; Fitzgerald, Crane, Stevens, Forst (modernist poetry)John Dos Passes – Ta ksiazka co ona ma str 60
Calvin Coolidge- American politician (Big Boom) Rolling 20ties
Gertrude Stein- some poet
Last generation: Freudan psychology – it, ego, superego. psychology – it, ego, superego.
Van Goth – post-impressionism- symbolism Raul Gogem
Paulo Picasso – cubism; Pauls Sezame (mathematical objects) (mathematical objects)
1899 – Hemingway born – intense writing, adjectives are rare
“The Scum also rises” Spanish war
“Farewell” (…) just a dirty trick (jakas quote)” (…) just a dirty trick ( quote)
“For whom the bell tolls” John Don: Frost stopping by woods on a snowy evening