English Grammar and Vocabulary Guide

Posted on Aug 27, 2024 in English

**1st Conditional (Possible Future):** If she studies, she will pass. (Negative: If she doesn’t study, she won’t pass)
**2nd Conditional (Hypothetical Present):** If I studied, I would pass. (Negative: If I didn’t study, I wouldn’t pass)
**3rd Conditional (Hypothetical Past):** If I had studied, I would have passed.
**Mixed Conditional:** If I hadn’t drunk, I would feel better.

**Go with:** That hoodie doesn’t go with those suit trousers at all!
**Wrap up:** It’s cold outside so you need to wrap up before you go out.
**Pull on:** We have to leave now! Just pull on the first thing you find!
**Dress up:** It’s an informal event so you don’t need to dress up.
**Catch on:** I wonder if these bags will catch on with students.
**Bring in:** Now that all the guests are here you can bring in the food. // Arrest: to arrest someone // Assist: to assist someone // Break the law: to violate the law // Contaminate: to contaminate something // Commit a crime: to commit a crime // Enquire: to enquire about something // Do community service: to do community service // Discover: to discover something // Get away with: to get away with something // Imprison: to imprison someone // Get carried away: to get carried away // Disturb: to disturb someone // Give a sentence: to give a sentence // Offend: to offend someone // Go to court: to go to court // Interfere: to interfere with something // Go to prison: to go to prison // Establish: to establish something // Pay a fine: to pay a fine // Examine: to examine something // Punish: to punish someone // Try: to try something // Spend time in prison: to spend time in prison // Remove: to remove something // Treat fairly: to treat someone fairly

**Example 1:** “Did you pass your exams?” – She asked me if we had passed the exams.
**Example 2:** “How long have you lived in Blanes?” – She asked me how long I had lived in Blanes.
**Example 3:** “Don’t throw papers and sit properly.” – He asked me not to throw papers and to sit properly.

**Break into:** Last night the police broke into a house looking for drugs. (to enter illegally)
**Bring up:** We didn’t want to talk about the subject but Tom brought it up. (to mention a topic)
**Carry out:** The detective will carry out an investigation to solve the mystery. (to conduct an investigation)
**Come across:** Joey came across a very interesting book the other day. (to find something unexpectedly)
**Get on:** Get on to the mechanic, this is something I can’t fix. (to contact someone)
**Give back:** The doctors will do all they can to give Jack his sight back. (to return something)
**Give up:** Richard gave up smoking after his father died of lung cancer. (to quit a habit)
**Kick off:** The Black team kicked off at seven. (to start a game)
**Pull over:** The car’s making a funny noise, I’ll pull over to see what it is. (to stop a vehicle by the side of the road)
**Put up:** I can’t believe that the prices are putting up so much. (to increase prices)
**Rip off:** The police ripped the sofa leather off but they didn’t find anything. (to tear something off)
**Run over:** The driver didn’t see the cat and ran over it. (to hit with a vehicle)
**Take out:** Can you drive? The trip’s taken it out of Tom and he needs to rest. (to exhaust someone)
**Tell off:** Henry has been told off because of his bad behaviour in class. (to reprimand someone)
**Turn up:** The cat finally turned up after being absent for many days. (to appear)