English Grammar Essentials: Tenses, Verbs, Vocabulary
English Grammar Essentials
Present Simple
PERSON + VERB + COMPLEMENT
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I – YO | I run in the park | I don’t run in the park | Do I run in the park? |
| YOU – TU | You run in the park | You don’t run in the park | Do you run in the park? |
| HE – EL | He runs in the park | He doesn’t run in the park | Does he run in the park? |
| SHE – ELLA | She runs in the park | She doesn’t run in the park | Does she run in the park? |
| IT – ESO | It runs in the park | It doesn’t run in the park | Does it run in the park? |
| WE – NOSOTROS | We run in the park | We don’t run in the park | Do we run in the park? |
| YOU – USTEDES | You run in the park | You don’t run in the park | Do you run in the park? |
| THEY – ELLOS (AS) | They run in the park | They don’t run in the park | Do they run in the park? |
Verb ‘To Be’
PERSON + VERB TO BE + COMPLEMENT
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I – YO | I am in the job | I am not in the job | Am I in the job? |
| YOU – TU | You are in the cinema | You aren’t in the cinema | Are you in the cinema? |
| HE – EL | He is in the job | He isn’t in the job | Is he in the job? |
| SHE – ELLA | She is beautiful. She is in the mall. | She isn’t in the job | Is she in the job? |
| IT – ESO | It is in the job | It isn’t in the job | Is it in the job? |
| WE – NOSOTROS | We are in the school | We aren’t in the school | Are we in the school? |
| YOU – USTEDES | You are in the school | You aren’t in the school | Are you in the school? |
| THEY – ELLOS (AS) | They are in the school. They are dumb. | They aren’t in the school | Are they in the school? |
Past Simple (Verb ‘To Be’)
PERSON + WAS/WERE + COMPLEMENT
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | I was | I wasn’t | Was I? |
| HE | He was a doctor | He was not a doctor | Was he a doctor? |
| SHE | She was | She wasn’t | Was she? |
| IT | It was | It wasn’t | Was it? |
| WE | We were to play | We weren’t to play | Were we to play? |
| YOU | You were | You weren’t | Were you? |
| THEY | They were | They weren’t | Were they? |
Will (Future)
PERSON + WILL + VERB (PRESENT) + COMPLEMENT
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I WILL | I will study | I will not study | Will I study? |
| HE WILL | He will study | He will not study | Will he study? |
| SHE WILL | She will study | She will not study | Will she study? |
| IT WILL | It will study | It will not study | Will it study? |
| WE WILL | We will rock you | We will not rock you | Will we rock you? |
| YOU WILL | You will win | You will not win | Will you win? |
| THEY WILL | They will study | They will not study | Will they study? |
Going To (Future)
PERSON + VERB TO BE + GOING TO + VERB + COMPLEMENT
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative | |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am going to | I am going to play videogames | I am not going to play videogames | Am I going to play videogames? |
| He is going to | He is going to play videogames | He is not going to play videogames | Is he going to play videogames? |
| She is going to | She is going to play videogames | She is not going to play videogames | Is she going to play videogames? |
| It is going to | It is going to rain | It is not going to rain | Is it going to rain? |
| We are going to | We are going to a party | We are not going to a party | Are we going to a party? |
| You are going to | You are going to a party | You are not going to a party | Are you going to a party? |
| They are going to | They are going to a party | They are not going to a party | Are they going to a party? |
Vocabulary
My House
ball – balon, kite – papalote, computer – computadora, doll – muñeca, teddy bear, wardrobe – guardarropa, bed – cama, chair – silla, table – mesa, mirror – espejo
sink – lavabo, shower – ducha, soap – jabon, television – tv, carpet – alfombra, couch – sofa, cup – taza, cupboard – alacena, the fridge – refrigerador, oven – horno
car garage, jardin – garden, kettle – hervidor de agua.
Health
pills – pastillas, crutches – muletas, stomachache – dolor de estomago, headache – dolor de cabeza, sneezing – resfriado.
HAPPY: FELIZ- GLAD: CONTENTO-DELIGHTED: ENCANTADO- THANKFUL: AGRADECIDO-FREE: LIBRE-SURPRISED: SORPRENDIDO-ASTONISHED: ASOMBRADO-SHOCKED: IMPRESIONADO-PROUD: ORGULLOSO-EXCITED: EMOCIONADO *False Friend: SENSITIVE: SENSIBLE-SENSIBLE: SENSATO- HOPEFUL: ESPERANZADO- GLOOMY: MELANCÓLICO- SATISFIED: SATISFECHO
SAD: TRISTE- ALONE: SOLO- AFRAID: ASUSTADO-TERRIFIED: ATERRORIZADO-ASHAMED: AVERGONZADO-BORED: ABURRIDO-DISAPPOINTED: DECEPCIONADO-UPSET: DISGUSTADO-NERVOUS: NERVIOSO-LOST: PERDIDO
DUMB/SILLY: ESTÚPIDO-ANXIOUS: INQUIETO-APATHETIC: APÁTICO-JEALOUS: CELOSO-SELFISH: EGOISTA-ENVIOUS: ENVIDIOSO-HYPOCRITICAL: HIPÓCRITA-EMBARRASED*: False friend! AVERGONZADO
Math Vocabulary
in – en, suma – plus, times – multiplicacion, resta – minus, division – divided
2 x 9 = 18: two times nine equals eighteen
47 + 15 = 62: forty-seven plus fifteen equals sixty-two
98 – 76 = 22: ninety-eight minus seventy-six equals twenty-two
48 / 6 = 8: forty-eight divided by six equals eight
at – algo especifico