English Vocabulary and Grammar: Essential Terms

Posted on Jan 25, 2025 in English

  • Hand in homework: Give homework to a teacher.
  • People gather together in one place: People come together to a place.
  • Jam: Mermelada // a sweet sticky food made from boiled fruit and sugar that is usually spread onto bread.
  • Ham: Jamón // The meat from the top part of the back legs of a pig, preserved using salt.
  • Pork: The meat from a pig (cerdo).
  • Seafood: Marisco // Fish and shellfish that you can eat.
  • Prawns: Gambas
  • Lobster: Langosta
  • Snail: Caracol // A small animal that has a soft body, no legs, and a hard shell on its back. Snails move very slowly.
  • Taste: Sabor // The flavor that something creates in your mouth when you eat or drink it.
  • To taste: Saber, probar // To have a particular flavor. Food can taste sweet like sugar, salty like salt, sour like a lemon, or bitter like strong black coffee.
  • Bitter: Amargo
  • Smell: Oler
  • Overcoat: Abrigo, txamarra // A long warm coat that you wear in cold weather.
  • Chemistry: The scientific study of the structure of substances and the way they react with other substances.

Phrasal Verbs

  • Take after: Resemble = Look like.
  • Get on with: Have a good relationship with someone.
  • Grow out of: Become too old for something.
  • Take up: Adopt something as a hobby.
  • Bring out: Cause to appear OR produce a new product and start to sell it.
  • Bring up: Educate, look after a child until he or she becomes an adult.
  • Get into: Become involved with // To start enjoying something, or to become enthusiastic about it.
  • Grow up: Become an adult.

Various Terms

  • Crowdfunding: The process of getting a large group of people to finance a particular project, especially by using a website where people can make contributions.
  • Dairy farm: A farm that makes and sells foods that are made from milk, for example, butter and cheese.
  • Tough: Hard = complicated. It can also mean resistant.
  • Run a business: Llevar (tener) una empresa.
  • Waitress/waiter: Camarera/o // The person who brings food and drink to your table in a restaurant or café.
  • Dead: Muerto. “The Dead Sea is a salt lake.”
  • To die: Morir
  • It looks: Parece…
  • It feels like…: Da la sensación de que…
  • Sounds like: Suena como… // Suena a ….
  • Cheer up: Animarse // To become less sad, or to make someone feel less sad.
  • It looks like it’s going to rain: Parece que va a llover.
  • Do for a living: Dedicarse a… “What do you do for a living?” ¿De qué trabajas?
  • To ban: To forbid.
  • Contest: Concurso // A competition, especially one in which people’s skill in a particular activity or sport is tested.
  • Theft: Robo // The crime of stealing.
  • Thief: Ladrón // Someone who commits the crime of stealing.
  • Rape: Violación
  • Smuggling: Contrabando // The practice of secretly and illegally taking goods or people into or out of a country, especially as a way of earning money.
  • Threat: Amenaza // A situation or an activity that could cause harm or danger.
  • Neighborhood: Vecindario // A particular area of a city or town.

Common Expressions

  • De acuerdo: Ok / right / right you are / fine / got you.
  • De nada: You´re welcome / thank´s ok / don´t mention it.
  • Espero que si: I hope so.
  • Espero que no: I hope not.
  • Praise: Alabar // To express strong approval or admiration for someone or something, especially in public.
  • Sigh: Suspirar // To breathe out slowly making a long soft sound, especially because you are disappointed, tired, annoyed, or relaxed.
  • Steel: Acero
  • Paws: The feet of some animals such as cats, dogs, and bears.
  • Barefoot: Descalzo // Without any shoes or socks on.
  • Bus fare: Money you pay for the ticket.
  • Fur: The soft hair that covers the body of some animals.
  • Female ≠ male
  • Just in time: Justo a tiempo.
  • I’m afraid not: Me temo que no.
  • I´m afraid so: Me temo que si.

2nd Exam

  • Resign: Dimitir
  • Give up: Stop doing something.
  • On the whole: In general.
  • Amount: Quantity.
  • Robbery: Atraco
  • Landline: Teléfono fijo.
  • Van: Furgoneta
  • Sales rocketed: Sales went up quickly.
  • Grow a mustache: Dejar crecer el bigote/barba.
  • Summit: Top of a mountain.
  • Beyond: Más allá de…
  • Towards: Hacia…
  • Beside = by = next to
  • Among: Entre
  • To land: Aterrizar
  • Wish: Deseo
  • Overcome: Superar
  • Rather than: En lugar de
  • Chase: Perseguir a alguien.