English Vocabulary, Grammar, and Literature Essentials
Vocabulary Unit 2: Travel
Air travel: viaje en avión. Ancient: antiguo/a. Backpack: mochila. Backpacking holiday: vacaciones con mochila. Bed and breakfast: pensión (con alojamiento y desayuno). Binoculars: prismáticos. Boat trip: excursión en barco. Bring to light: sacar a la luz. Business trip: viaje de negocios. Buy postcards and souvenirs: comprar postales y souvenirs. Camera: cámara. Camping holiday: vacaciones para ir de acampada. Campsite: área de acampada. Caravan: caravana. Charge (n): cargo, acusación. Charge (v): acusar. Check in: registrarse (hotel). Check out: pagar y marcharse (hotel). Damage: daño. Day trip: excursión de un día. Do sport: hacer deporte. Eat at local restaurants: comer en restaurantes de la zona. Fine: multar. First-aid kit: botiquín de primeros auxilios. Forbidden: prohibido/a. Get to: llegar a. Go camping: ir de acampada. Go hiking: ir de excursión (a pie). Go out: salir. Go shopping: ir de compras. Go sightseeing: hacer turismo. Hiking boots: botas para hacer excursionismo. Jacket: chaqueta. Jail: cárcel, prisión. Just: només. Licensed: autorizado/a. Lucky: afortunado/a. Meet new people: conocer gente nueva. Money belt: riñonera. Notice: aviso. Path: camino, sender. Pocketknife: navaja de bolsillo. Raincoat: impermeable. Resort: complejo turístico. Sandals: sandalias. School trip: excursión del colegio. Seaside holiday: vacaciones en la playa. Set off: salir, ponerse en camino. Set up: montar, armar. Shopping trip: viaje para ir de compras. Sightseeing holiday: vacaciones turísticas / para hacer turismo. Sign: letrero. Skiing holiday: vacaciones de esquí / para esquiar. Skis: esquís. Sleeping bag: saco de dormir. Snorkel: tubo de buceo. Spokesman: portavoz. State: declarar, afirmar. Suitcase: maleta. Sunbathe: tomar el sol. Sunglasses: gafas de sol. Sunscreen: crema de protección solar. Surfboard: tabla de surf. Sweatshirt: sudadera. Swimsuit: bañador. Take off: despegar (avión). Take photos: hacer fotos. Tent: tienda de campaña. Theft: robo. Torch: linterna. Travel agent: agente de viajes. Travel arrangements: preparativos para un viaje. Travel documents: documentos de viaje. Travel expenses: gastos de desplazamiento / viaje. Travel guide: guía turística / de viaje. Visit museums: visitar museos. Warn: advertir, avisar. Water bottle: botella de agua. Wetsuit: traje de buzo. Youth hostel: albergue juvenil
Macbeth: Act 1
Macbeth is a general in the army of King Duncan. He wins a battle, and the king gives him a new title. He and Banquo meet three witches who predict their future: Macbeth will be Thane of Cawdor and King of Scotland, and Banquo will be the father of kings. Someone sent by the king tells Macbeth he has been named Thane of Cawdor. From this moment, he believes what the witches said. Macbeth sends a letter to Lady Macbeth, telling her about the witches’ prophecy. When Macbeth arrives at the castle, Lady Macbeth convinces him to kill Duncan.
Act II
At night, Macbeth kills Duncan with a dagger, and Lady Macbeth puts blood on the guards’ bodies. Macbeth becomes king, and Duncan’s sons escape. Macbeth orders a servant to kill Banquo and his son because Macbeth wants his future son to become king. Banquo is killed, but his son escapes. Macbeth prepares a dinner to celebrate becoming king (being crowned as king). Before the dinner, Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost and starts shouting in front of the guests. Macbeth goes to the witches’ cave and asks them about his future. Then, Macbeth orders his servants to kill Macduff’s family. Lady Macbeth commits suicide, the enemy attacks Macbeth’s castle, and they (support) Malcolm, one of Duncan’s sons, as the new king of Scotland.
Othello
Iago and Roderigo hate Othello. Iago hates him because Othello has given an important rank to Cassio instead of him. Roderigo hates Othello because Othello has married Desdemona, and he’s in love with her. Desdemona’s father is angry because Othello and Desdemona married in secret. Iago wants revenge on Othello and plans to make Othello jealous of Cassio’s relationship with Desdemona. Desdemona has a special handkerchief that Othello gave to her. Iago’s wife is Desdemona’s maid, and she steals the handkerchief to give it to Iago. Then, Iago puts it in Cassio’s room. Othello finds the handkerchief there and becomes even more jealous. Othello wants to kill Cassio, and although Emilia promises Othello that Desdemona has always been loyal to him, he decides to kill her. Then, Emilia realizes that it was Iago who had planned everything. When Othello knows what Iago did, he kills himself.
Present Simple
I/YOU/WE/THEY work; HE/SHE/IT works; Do I work?; Does he work? (always, usually, often, sometimes) Expresses routines, habits, scientific facts, and schedules.
Present Continuous
I am playing; YOU/WE/THEY are playing; HE/SHE/IT is playing. – I am NOT playing; We AREN’T playing, He ISN’T playing. – Am I playing?, Are you playing?, – Is he playing? Expresses actions happening at the moment, present actions in progress (at the moment, this year).
Past Simple
I/YOU/WE/THEY played; HE/SHE/IT played; HE/I/YOU… didn’t play. DID I PLAY? Expresses finished past actions (yesterday, last week). WHEN, 2nd COLUMN
Past Continuous
I was playing; WE/THEY/YOU were playing; HE/SHE/IT was playing. WASN’T, WEREN’T. WAS I playing?, WERE they playing? Expresses an incomplete action in progress at a specific moment in the past, an incomplete action interrupted by another action. WHILE, AS. Describes what was happening at a specific moment in the past.
Past Perfect Simple
: I/HE/WE had arrived. HADN’T PLAYED, 3 COLUM. Had I played/eaten. Una acció completa que va tenir lloc abans ALTRA ACCIÓ AL PASSAT. already,by the time, after, before, until, never, just. EXAMPLE: by the time he arrived, the train had already left-en el moment de la seva arribada, el tren ja s’havia anat
WOULD YOU: t’agradaria
PREFIXOS
Unattractive, Immature, Unsociable, Dishonest, Impatient, Inconsiderate, disorganised, independent, unhappy, dissatisfied, illegal, incorrect, unpleasant.
ALTRES: Antisocial, international, multilateral, overactive, rewrite, underground.
VOCABULARY Unit 1: Appearance and Personality
Althought: encara que, arrogant: impotent,arrogant, attractive: atractiu, average: mitjà/ana, blond/e: ros/ssa, calm: tranquil, cheerful: alegre, confident: segur d’un mateix, considerate: atent, considerat, curly: arrissat, dishonest: deshonest, downward: cap avall, descendent, energetic: actiu, ple denergia, fair: ros/just, fat: gras, friendly: simpàtic o agradable, good-looking: guapo, gorgeous: molt guapo, handwriting: lletra/escriptura, heavy: feixuc, height: alçada, hint: indicar, honest: honrat, honest, immature:immadur, impatient: impacient, impolite: mal educat, inconsiderate: desconsiderat, large: gran, light brown: castany, mature: madur, moody: humor variable,bipolar, organised: organitzat, outgoing: sociable, over-sensitive, molt susceptible, overall appearance: aparença general, petite: menut, polite: educat, pretty: bonica, reliable: de confiança, sceptical: escèptic, self-confident: seguretat en un mateix, sensible: sensat, short: curt, shoulder-lenght: fins a les espatlles, shy: tímid, significant: important, slanted: inclinat, slim: prim, esvelt, spiky: de punta (cabells), straight: llisos, stubborn: tossut, succesful: amb èxit, tall: alt, thin: prim, unfriendly: antipàtic,desegradable, upward: cap a dalt, weight: pes, well-built: fornit, robust.
What does he look like?-Com és físicament? What kind of person is she?– Quin tipus de persona és? What’s he like? – Com és?
CONNECTORS
Because: Joe is phoning Cathybecause and he wants to ask her a question. And: My friend is kind and loves animals. But: I’m very tired but i’m not going to bed yet. So: The fridge is empty so I’m going shopping.