Essential English Verb Forms and Grammar Rules

Posted on Mar 2, 2025 in Commerce and Marketing

English Verb Forms: Base, Past Simple, Past Participle

  • Be: Was/Were – Been
  • Become: Became – Become
  • Begin: Began – Begun
  • Break: Broke – Broken
  • Bring: Brought – Brought
  • Build: Built – Built
  • Buy: Bought – Bought
  • Can: Could – Been Able
  • Catch: Caught – Caught
  • Choose: Chose – Chosen
  • Come: Came – Come
  • Cost: Cost – Cost
  • Cut: Cut – Cut
  • Do: Did – Done
  • Drink: Drank – Drunk
  • Drive: Drove – Driven
  • Eat: Ate – Eaten
  • Fall: Fell – Fallen
  • Feel: Felt – Felt
  • Fight: Fought – Fought
  • Find: Found – Found
  • Fly: Flew – Flown
  • Forget: Forgot – Forgotten
  • Get: Got – Gotten/Got
  • Give: Gave – Given
  • Go: Went – Gone/Been
  • Grow: Grew – Grown
  • Have: Had – Had
  • Hear: Heard – Heard
  • Hit: Hit – Hit
  • Keep: Kept – Kept
  • Know: Knew – Known
  • Learn: Learned/Learnt – Learned/Learnt
  • Leave: Left – Left
  • Lose: Lost – Lost
  • Make: Made – Made
  • Meet: Met – Met
  • Pay: Paid – Paid
  • Put: Put – Put
  • Read: Read – Read
  • Ride: Rode – Ridden
  • Run: Ran – Run
  • Say: Said – Said
  • See: Saw – Seen
  • Sell: Sold – Sold
  • Send: Sent – Sent
  • Shut: Shut – Shut
  • Sing: Sang – Sung
  • Sit: Sat – Sat
  • Sleep: Slept – Slept
  • Speak: Spoke – Spoken
  • Spend: Spent – Spent
  • Stand: Stood – Stood
  • Steal: Stole – Stolen
  • Swim: Swam – Swum
  • Take: Took – Taken
  • Tell: Told – Told
  • Think: Thought – Thought
  • Understand: Understood – Understood
  • Wake: Woke – Woken
  • Wear: Wore – Worn
  • Win: Won – Won
  • Write: Wrote – Written

Present Simple Tense

  • Do: I, You, We, They
  • Does: He, She, It
  • (+) Verb ends in ES or S.

Common Adverbs of Frequency

  • Generally
  • Usually
  • Every day (On Monday, On Tuesday, On Wednesday, On Thursday, On Friday)
  • Sometimes

Question Words

  • What
  • Where
  • When
  • Who
  • Why (because)
  • How often

There Is / There Are

Used to indicate the existence of something (singular or plural).

Future Tense: Going To

Is/Are + going to. Examples: Tomorrow, next week, next month, next year.

Have Got / Has Got

  • Have got: I, You, We, They
  • Has got: He, She, It

How Much / How Many

  • How much: (uncountable nouns, e.g., money)
  • How many: (countable nouns, e.g., numbers)

Adjectives

Examples: Small, big, long, tall.

Past Simple Tense

There was / There were and had.

Regular Verbs in Past Simple

The 3rd column: Verb + D or ED.

Adverbs

Adverbs often end in “-ly”.

Present Perfect Tense

  • Have: I, You, We, They
  • Has: He, She, It

Present Perfect Time Markers

Ever (?), Just (+), Never (-), Yet (-).

Comparative Adjectives

Than. Add “more” to long adjectives and “-er” to short adjectives.

Superlative Adjectives

The. Add “most” to long adjectives and “-est” to short adjectives.

Present Progressive/Continuous Tense

Now, at this moment. Verb ending in -ing.

Prepositions of Time

For, since.

Possessive Pronouns

Whose is this/are they? Mine, his, yours, hers, ours, theirs.