Essential English Vocabulary and Grammar

Posted on Mar 5, 2025 in English

VOCABULARY

Topic 1

  • Arrange: Ordenar
  • Recognise: Identificar
  • Stand a Chance: Tener una oportunidad
  • Subject: Asignatura
  • Evaluate: Evaluar
  • Train: Preparar
  • Great at: Grande
  • Group: Grupo
  • Unwilling: Maldispuesto
  • Live up to: Contemplar
  • Make an effort: Hacer un esfuerzo
  • Work out: Planear
  • Pleased: Contento
  • Realise: Comprender

Topic 2

  • Actually: En realidad
  • Appearance: Aspecto físico
  • Craze: Moda
  • Dessert: Postres
  • Disappointment: Decepción
  • Exchange: Intercambiar
  • Get to know: Llegar a conocerse
  • In any case: En cualquier caso
  • Laughing: Riéndose
  • Lead: Guiar
  • Matter: Materia

Topic 3

  • Boast: Presumir
  • By word of mouth: De boca en boca
  • Classmate: Compañero de clase
  • Like it or not: Agrado o no
  • Likely: Probable
  • Modest: Modesto
  • Profitable: Rendible
  • Proof: Probar
  • Rush: Prisa
  • Word of warning: Advertencia

Topic 4

  • Alike: Semejante
  • Bring up: Criar, educar
  • Despite: Desprecio
  • Hand: Entregar
  • Height: Altura
  • Likelihood: Probabilidad
  • Play a part: Desempeñar un papel

Topic 5

  • All dressed up: Elegantemente
  • All of a sudden: De repente
  • Come to mind: Ven a la mente
  • Get hold of: Conseguir
  • Manage: Conseguir
  • Mud: Barro
  • Subside: Ceder

Topic 6

  • Argue: Argumento
  • Come true: Hecho realidad
  • Don’t mind: No importar
  • Find out: Averiguar
  • Let: Dejar
  • Neglect: Negligencia
  • Prove: Demostrar

Topic 7

  • Backwards: Al revés
  • Customer: Cliente
  • No matter: No importa
  • Give up: Dejar
  • Look after: Cuidar
  • Look forward to: Esperar con ilusión
  • Look into: Investigar
  • Look over: Revisar
  • Look up: Mejorar
  • Look up to: Admirar
  • Look on: Considerar
  • Look out: Tener cuidado
  • Take up: Comenzar a hacer
  • Turn down: Rechazar, bajar
  • Work out: Entender

GRAMMAR

Present Simple

Affirmative: I/You go; He/She/It goes; We/You/They go

Negative: I don’t go; He doesn’t go; We don’t go

Interrogative: Do I go?; Does he go?; Do we go?

Past Simple

Similar to Present Simple, but using did and didn’t

Present Continuous

Am/Is/Are + Verb-ing

Past Continuous

Was/Were + Verb-ing

Past Perfect Simple

Had + Past Participle

Present Perfect Simple

Have/Has + Past Participle

Future Simple

Will + Verb

Be Going To

Am/Is/Are + Going to + Verb

Future Continuous

Will be + Verb-ing

Modal Verbs (Topic 6)

Can, Be able to, Can’t, Could, May, Might, Would, Must, Have to, Need to, Needn’t, Don’t have to, Mustn’t, Should, Ought to

First Conditional

  • Positive: If + Present Simple + Will + Verb
  • Negative: If + Present Simple + Won’t + Verb
  • Question: Will + Subject + Verb (infinitive) + If + Present Simple

Second Conditional

  • Positive: If + Past Simple + Would + Base Verb
  • Negative: If + Past Simple + Wouldn’t + Base Verb
  • Question: Would + Subject + Verb (infinitive) + If + Past Simple

Third Conditional

If + Past Perfect Simple + Would/Could/Might + Have + Verb (Past Participle)