Figures of Speech and Text Construction: A Comprehensive Resource

Chiasmus: An Inadequate Example of (K)

Figures of Construction: The Whole of Expressive or Peculiar Resources of the Literary Language

Metaphor

Metaphor is the substitution of one term for another based on a relationship of similarity.

Hyperbaton

Hyperbaton is the alteration of the normal order of a sentence by changing the position of its terms.

Comparison

Comparison connects two terms based on a relationship of similarity through an explicit link.

Euphemism

Euphemism is the substitution of a harsh term with one that has a softer expression and less power to connote unpleasant aspects.

Anacoluthon

Anacoluthon is an inconsistency in grammatical construction (syllepsis).

Attraction

Attraction occurs when a word erroneously takes on the gender, number, tense, or mood of another contiguous word.

Ellipsis

Ellipsis is the omission of elements necessary for grammatical construction.

Phoneme

Phoneme is each individual sound of words.

Concordance

Concordance is the interrelation of words in a sentence.

Sentences

Sentences are expressed in texts.

Simple Sentences

Simple sentences have a structure that only includes a conjugated verb (conjugated verb + subject + complements).

Compound Sentences

Compound sentences have a structure with more than one conjugated verb, formed by two or more simple sentences linked by a conjunction.

Paragraph

A paragraph is a set of sentences that are related and develop a single theme.

Types of Paragraphs

  • Enumeration: Consists of a list of properties that describe the same object. The first phrase indicates the structure of the organized paragraph.
  • Sequence: Elements are presented in a specific order based on an explicit criterion.
  • Comparison/Contrast: Indicates the similarities and differences between two or more objects, situations, or ideas.
  • Concept Development: A main idea is explicitly stated and reaffirmed through examples.
  • Problem/Solution: Rhetoric studies how to pose and then solve a problem to develop a given theme in descriptive and scientific texts.
  • Cause and Effect: Presents an event or situation followed by the reasons that caused it. Found in argumentative texts.

Narrative Paragraph

Built on a sequence of statements/information, it is typical of a newspaper.

Descriptive Paragraph

Presents objects, people, and places.

Expository-Argumentative Paragraph

Presents a thesis and observational data to convince the reader.

Summaries

A summary is understood as an extract of a subject or a whole post. Composition is the meeting of its parts.

Summary

A summary is a text reworked from the original text, reducing its length.

Definition

Definition is understanding the nature and distinctive qualities of someone or something.

Review

A review offers brief critical manifestations, usually about bibliographic and film works.

Report

A report poses unresolved issues at the end of the text, leaving issues open to future scenarios.

Minutes

Minutes accurately and objectively recount a series of facts and attest in writing to a particular situation.

Curriculum Vitae

A curriculum vitae appropriates the most important civil and professional information of a person who needs to apply for employment.

Manual

A manual is a set of rules and practices for applications in various fields: science, art, history, morality, and literature.

Press Comments

Press comments interpret reality from a personal perspective.

Newspaper Article

A newspaper article is a text, too large and diverse, that values or explains a fact or a current idea of special importance, reflecting the conviction of the writer.

Editorial

An editorial is a journalistic genre that states, analyzes, interprets, and evaluates an event or news of special importance or significance locally, nationally, or internationally.

Essay

An essay is a text that explains, analyzes, or discusses a personal interpretation of a particular topic.