Football, Rugby, Volleyball, Hockey & Korfball: Rules & Skills
Football (Indoor/Futsal)
Marks and Dimensions (42×22)
- Penalty spot
- Central circle
- Penalty area
- End line
Positions
- Goalkeeper
- Pivot
- Defender
- Attacker/Striker
Skills
- Passing and receiving
- Shooting
- Decision-making
- Dribbling
- Heading
- Touch and ball control
Time
One indoor football match lasts 40 minutes, divided into two 20-minute halves. The time stops whenever the ball is not in play, such as during a foul.
History
Futsal originated in 1930 in Uruguay.
Throw-in
You must throw the ball with your hands from behind your head.
Players
5 players per team.
Penalties
- Double Penalty: After a team commits 5 fouls, each subsequent foul results in a double penalty.
- Penalty: Awarded when a defending player commits a foul inside the penalty area.
Opponent Distance
Opponents must be 5.5 meters away during free kicks.
Rainbow Flick
A skill where you elevate the ball behind you, passing it over a defender.
Rugby
Marks and Dimensions
94-100m x 68-78m with a 22m goal area.
Players
15 players per team.
Line-out
When the ball or a player goes out of bounds, the team that did not cause the ball to go out of bounds throws the ball back in. Any player caught between two players may catch the ball.
Scrum
A scrum occurs after a minor foul. Eight players from each team participate, fighting for the ball and attempting to move it backward.
Skills
- Passing and receiving
- Running
- Tackling
- Catching
- Kicking
Scoring System
- Try (5 points): Scored by running to the end zone with the ball and touching it to the ground.
- Conversion (2 points): Scored by kicking the ball through the goalposts after a try.
- Penalty Kick (3 points): Scored by kicking the ball through the goalposts after a penalty.
Positions 1-8 are back positions, and 9-15 are forward positions.
Tackle
Stopping a player by tackling them, which occurs when the ball carrier is brought to the ground by one or more defenders.
Drop Goal
A player scores by dropping the ball and kicking it immediately after it bounces on the ground.
Volleyball
Sets
Matches are typically best of 5 sets. A team must score 25 points to win a set (except the 5th set, which is played to 15 points).
Points
A point is scored when:
- The ball touches the floor on the opponent’s side.
- An opponent touches the net.
- An opponent hits the ball out of bounds.
- An opponent touches the ball on the other side of the net.
Marks
Includes the free zone, net, white tape, antenna, attack line, back zone, and end line.
Fouls
Common fouls include touching the net, making more than 3 touches, and touching the antenna.
Serve
A serve is when you throw the ball from behind the end line and hit it over the net with one hand.
Players
6 players per team, including outside hitter, middle blocker, opposite hitter, right side hitter, libero, and setter.
Skills
- Passing
- Setting
- Blocking
- Hitting
- Rolling
Equipment
Includes a ball, shorts, t-shirt, shoes, elbow pads, and knee pads.
Hockey (Field Hockey)
Scoring System
When the disc (ball) enters the goal:
- Win: 3 points
- Tie: 1 point
- Loss: 0 points
Marks
Includes the long corner attackers mark, sideline, striking circle, backline, half-way line, 25-yard line, penalty corner defenders mark, penalty corner attackers mark, and penalty spot.
Time
Two halves of 25 minutes each.
Players
11 players per team.
Positions
Goalkeeper, center, right wing, left wing, left defense, and right defense.
Equipment
Field hockey stick, field hockey ball, helmet, mouth protection, shin guards, and padded protectors.
Rules
The stick cannot cross over the hip. You cannot catch the stick with one hand, and you cannot bite or touch another player.
Skills
Dribbling, shooting, stick control, passing the disc, and tackling with a flat stick.
Penalty Shootout
If the match ends in a draw, each team takes 5 penalty kicks from the 22-meter line. The player has only 8 seconds to take the penalty kick.
Penalty Stroke
Awarded when the defender commits a foul inside the penalty area, similar to a penalty in football.
Korfball
Draw
A tie occurs when both teams have the same number of points.
Korf
The net (basket) is called a korf.
Skills
Throwing, passing, ball handling, rebounding, teamwork, and positioning.
Origin
Korfball originated in the Netherlands in 1901.
Playing the Ball
Involves throwing the ball into the korf, passing the ball, and pivoting.
Prohibited Actions
Touching attackers, touching the ball with the foot, and passing the ball to a defender’s position are prohibited.
Origin
Amsterdam, 1901.
Scoring
The team with the most points wins.
Time
Two halves of 20 minutes each.
Players
8 players per team: 4 defenders and 4 attackers, with 2 women and 2 men in each role.
Marks
Korf area.