General Machinery Maintenance

Overview

From the standpoint of general maintenance, a daily task is keeping objects or installations in good shape. This is achieved through cleaning, protection, adjustment, repair, and other methods. In machinery, maintenance ensures proper functioning.

The need for maintenance arises because any machine, equipment, or installation degrades over its lifespan, hindering its ability to perform its original function. This degradation leads to reduced performance, increased costs, compromised product quality, and outages, ultimately resulting in lost profits.

Analyzing the historical evolution of machines and processes reveals that, initially, the personnel operating the machines were also responsible for their maintenance and repair. They handled production and quality control as well.

Types of Maintenance

Preventive Maintenance

This involves regular checks of the machine or installation. These checks are typically simple, such as verifying oil levels, belt tension, operational noise, and performing cleaning and lubrication. Adjustments are made as needed, and any necessary interventions or replacement parts are reported.

Preventive maintenance can be combined with a scheduled intervention plan for replacing parts based on their expected lifespan. When trained technical staff conduct these visits, early detection of wear and potential failures becomes easier.

Corrective Maintenance

This involves intervention after a malfunction, damage, or breakdown, usually detected by the operator. Due to the complexity of modern facilities, corrective surgery is often challenging, even when the fault’s location is known.

Failures with unknown origins necessitate analysis before any intervention on the machine or equipment.

Predictive Maintenance

: interventions are made ​​in the machine or installation by personnel and specialized equipment to diagnose and identify possible causes of future failures. Programming intervention before failure occurs. Or changing facilities or machinery to improve its performance. As the cost of such maintenance almost prohibitive, it almost exclusively for large machines or installations or where the reliability of operation is very important. Examples of these studies may be the scans, vibration analysis, analysis! consumption, RX, search for cracks on magnetic media or UV tracers, thickness measurement by ultrasound, just to mention some of IIS research and tests that can be done on IIS moving equipment or parts thereof requires the laboratorio.Esto take a statistic that puts a high cost, which tells us when we spend even more money, something that not all organizations are prepared to address.

However, the mode of application of these major types of maintenance. It denotes investment and expenditure to be carried out on equipment in operation. Classification implementation d d d maintenance work: Zero hour: Only involved in the equipment when out of service, tending to the cost and time of repair is minimum. This has the advantage that no resources are allocated to the periodic inspection of equipment and the disadvantage that the failures tend to be larger in terms of severity, causing problems in terms of lost profits and meeting deadlines. Maintenance and these cases is considered an unnecessary expense and without priority. Systematic: We have a maintenance plan, combining the discretion of the company, to varying degrees corrective and preventive maintenance predictivo.La Most companies use this type maintenance, controlling and planning costs incurred to make investments in the maintenance sector. This separation of costs and investments, given a parameter of the evolution of life of the equipment and routine maintenance instalaciones.Objetivos: Striking a balance between the amounts incurred for untimely and desvaraduras failures, repairs planned before the start of service and investment in the prediction of future failures. Tending to reduce to zero unplanned breaks, minimize planned. And q the cost of predicting the next period q tends to be lower expenditures in the previous period dl unexpected breaks.

Sector organization in general maintenance: You will have a head or responsible for maintaining the entire facility. Then one responsible for each particular area. They are the ones to plan maintenance as a whole, organized with other sectors to avoid overlapping tareas.Derivando this in the following forms of known mainly: * Conditional inspections are planned, interventions and other maintenance. Only when the equipment or plant sector is not affected production. Here is the priority the continuity and quality of the production process and that lost profits can be substantial. Used night hours, weekends, seasonal periods of low production, etc. This has the advantage of high availability of equipment and facilities. * TPM (Total Productive Maintenance) This organization is a bit different. Since the operation and maintenance is performed by groups and by them is both the production and maintenance of equipment and facilities. Is usually combined with a maintenance sector but smaller than in previous cases.