Geoffrey Chaucer: The Life and Works of a Literary Pioneer
Geoffrey Chaucer: A Literary Pioneer
Early Life and Career
Chaucer was born in London in the early 1340s. His father, a wealthy wine merchant, sent him to serve as a page to the Countess of Ulster. Chaucer later served Prince Lionel, son to King Edward III, and fought in the Hundred Years War.
Literary Vision
Around 1378, Chaucer began to develop his vision of an English poetry that would be accessible to all. He wrote in the vernacular, the English spoken in London at the time.
Diplomatic and Administrative Roles
Chaucer’s skills as a negotiator were recognized by the nobles he served. He received rewards for his service and held the position of Comptroller of Customs for twelve years.
The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer’s unfinished masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales, is a collection of 120 stories told by a group of pilgrims traveling to Canterbury. The tales reflect the social tensions of the time and provide insights into medieval life.
Social Hierarchy
Chaucer’s work depicts the social hierarchy of his time, including the military state (knight, squire, yeoman), the clerical state (prioress, monk, friar), and the laity (professionals, good men, stewards, church officers).
General Prologue and Characters
The General Prologue introduces the twenty-nine pilgrims who join the narrator at the Tabard Inn. Chaucer provides detailed descriptions of their personalities and social status.
The Miller’s Tale
A bawdy comedy, The Miller’s Tale tells the story of Nicholas, a student who tricks his landlord and seduces his wife. The tale highlights the vulgarity and humor of medieval society.
Legacy
Chaucer’s works have had a profound impact on English literature. He is considered the father of English poetry and his writings continue to be studied and enjoyed today.