Geological Features and Relief Types: A Comprehensive Analysis
Geological Features and Relief Types
Features Rel. Peni.
- Form solid
- High average altitude
- Disposal of peripheral mountainous
Types of Uni. Morfoest.
a) IC sockets plains or plateaus formed in the primary era, mat. siliceous rocks very rigid
b) Solid old mountains formed in the Tertiary, Paleozoic mat.
c) Elevations plegamientograndes mountain ranges encountered in the Tertiary by the folding of mat. sedimentarios. There are two types:
- Intermediate ridges formed by the folding of material deposited by the sea on the edge of the baseboard.
- Alpine ridges formed by folding mat. deposited in pits marinas.
d) Sedimentary basins are sunken areas filled with sediment, horizontal reliefs. There are two types:
- Basin formed by subsidence of a block of a plinth
- Prealpine depressions for decompression following the lifting of cordilleras.
Evol. Geol. Peni.
a) During the archaic era or Precambrian band emerged from the sea a mountain and also elevations aislados.
b) On the primary era was held the Hercynian orogeny, the seas came the Hercynian mountain ranges formed by siliceous materials.
c) During the secondary dominance erosion and sedimentation
d) During the tertiary era Alpine orogenesis took place that resulted in lifting:
- Alpine ranges
- Prealpine dimpling step plateau slope toward the Atlantic, mountain ridges formed and eastern and southern plinth plateau fractures and fallas.
e) During the era of Quaternary glaciation and river terrace formation:
- Circoson glaciers glacier ice accumulations at the head of the valley
- Valley glaciers are rivers of ice.
- River terraces are flat, raised bands at the margins of a river.
Rocky slopes and siliceous types of relief area is formed by ancient rocks of the Precambrian and primary education. The prevailing rock is granite rock formed rigid altering various types of relief:
- Granite is chemically altered by water and the crystals decompose transformadose sands pardoamarillentas
- Altered granite from the rock fractures, in high mountain areas popr water seeps from the rock fractures and to freeze the breaks, forming ridges and rocky “in the lower tiers depend on the forms if they are parallel fracutras domes are formed, if beads are formed perpendicular forming scree or simply a granite formations.
Area is formed by limestone rocks was folded into the secondary was terciaria.la prevailing rock is limestone, a hard rock that is fractured and karst relief gives rise to:
a) Sinkholes are grooves separated by partitions
b) Gorges are deep narrow valleys and rivers caused by
c) Elongated depressions poljes horizontal background
d) Sinkholes are large cavities where water stagnates, if united are called several uvalas.
e) Caves formed by infiltrating water to form galleries
f) Troughs are narrow openings that connect the surface with underground galleries.
Clay area formed by sedimentary rocks of Tertiary and Quaternary eras. The prevailing rock is the clay that gives rise to a relief almost horizontal, generates two types:
- Open valleys of rivers originating gently rolling plains
- In places where there are dry spells and rain water and are worn by edges sepparadas alleyways like small mountains.
Relief caused by differential erosion
a) When the layers are horizontal and soft and hard rivers valleys that separate platforms open calls stopped
b) If the strata are gently sloping hard, white material alternate form cuestas.
c) When the layers are folded and mixed originate:
- Apalachian relief forms on which devastated a mountainous relief after suffering an uprising
- Jurassic relief ridges formed in the young and consists of the mixture of convex and concave folds in the convex valleys are created perpendicular and parallel valleys wing wing summit summit.