Infrared Data Association (IrDA) Technologies

Posted on Feb 11, 2025 in Business Administration and Innovation Management

IrDA Data (IrDA-D)

IrDA-Data enables bidirectional communication between devices at speeds from 9600 bps to 4 Mbps. The speed depends on factors like transmission type (synchronous or asynchronous), infrared port driver quality, device type, and distance. While consumer ports can reach 2 meters, a maximum distance of 1 meter is recommended. Low-power ports in mobile devices and PDAs have a range of up to 30 cm. Devices should ideally be positioned within a 30-degree angle with no obstructions.

IrDA-Data relies on three essential protocols:

  • PHY (Physical Layer Signaling): Defines distance, speed, and transmission method.
  • IrLAP (Link Access Protocol): Manages device connections, search, and identification.
  • IrLMP (Link Management Protocol) and IAS (Information Access Service): Handles IrLAP multiplexing, enabling multiple channels on a single connection.

Optional protocols include:

  • IrDA Lite: Reduces implementation complexity without sacrificing core functionality.
  • TinyTP: Transport layer protocol for flow control, data segmentation, and reassembly.
  • IrOBEX: Application-level protocol for object exchange.
  • IrCOMM: Facilitates communication between devices with serial/parallel ports via infrared.
  • IrLAN: Protocol for local area networks.

IrDA Control (IrDA-C)

IrDA-Control (formerly IrBUS) connects peripheral control devices like keyboards, mice, and joysticks. It differs from IrDA-Data by offering bidirectional transfer, a maximum distance of 5 meters, and a speed of 75 Kbps. The protocol stack includes:

  • PHY (Physical Signaling Layer): Sets speed and distance.
  • MAC (Media Access Control): Supports up to eight simultaneous devices on a single receiver.
  • LLC (Logical Link Control): Handles security and retransmissions.

Four application-level protocols exist, two of which are defined:

  • HA (Home Appliance Application): For home appliances.
  • HID (Human Interface Device Application): For computer input devices.

Cellular Network Design

The goal is to establish a cellular network covering 100 km2 with 16 radio channels per cell (traffic, signaling, and control), each cell covering 10 km2. Rhombic clusters of 3 cells and a GoS of 1% are used. The traffic intensity is 20 mE per terminal.

Calculations:

  1. Total Traffic Channels (After Reuse): (To be calculated based on provided data)
  2. Total Supported Phones: (To be calculated based on provided data)
  3. Total Channels (Before Reuse): (To be calculated based on provided data)
  4. Traffic Intensity for 25% Increase: (To be calculated based on provided data)
  5. Traffic Channels per Cell for Increased Traffic: (To be calculated based on provided data)

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