Kant, Empiricism, and Rationalism: Exploring Key Philosophical Concepts
The Copernican Revolution in Kantian Philosophy
Immanuel Kant’s philosophy uses an astronomical analogy to explain his revolutionary approach to knowledge. Instead of the subject passively receiving information from objects, Kant argued the opposite: the subject actively shapes knowledge, much like the Earth revolves around the Sun. This transcendental philosophy emphasizes the subject’s role in constructing knowledge through a priori conditions. Furthermore, it explores what humans can know completely a priori, which is, according to Kant, themselves.
Empiricism
), and throughout history has known multiple types: – ethical rationalism: the so called moral Socratic intellectualism. – Metaphysical rationalism: platonic rationalism (which considers reality ordered according to the ideal model and the end of Properties). – Religious rationalism: that of the deists (Kant, the Enlightenment, the French Revolution …) that identify the data revealed truth last of reason and believe in a provident God but not rational. – Ontological rationalism: the thought Hegel (for whom the real process of self-realization l’matches of Reason or Spirit). The thesis of rationalism is, as has been said that there is no necessary truth that all truth can be tested, inspected and, if necessary, amended or abandoned rationality is .. THE EXPRESSION OF A STRONG REASON TO FIND HERSELF IN THE BEGINNING eligibility.
Transcendental illusion – Kant applies this term to affirm that human knowledge can only refer to the phenomena and not the things themselves. This thesis involves, first, that the experience of knowledge the human psyche influences the object known, and secondly, the affirmation of the limits of human knowledge. For centuries it was believed that metaphysics was the highest of the sciences. For Kant, the starting point of this error is in the so-called transcendental illusion, or use of the concepts beyond the empirical.
LIBERTY LEGAL: is together with the independence and freedom one of the essential characteristics of a citizen of a state. Responds to legal freedom not to obey a law ever that we have not previously given our consent, ie that those who obey the laws must be direct or indirect perpetrators thereof. The state must ensure that this principle and allow the coexistence of individual freedom through the political right and the existence of a single legal autonomy to the defense of the general will of the people. SOCIAL CONTRACT: An expression that refers to the covenant by which the hypothetical people decided to create a civil state, to leave the state of nature in which we lived before. For the violent passions of men to be countered with the power of the state and that each is legally protected and their property be recognized. What is missing in the state of nature is the law and endowed with authority and power to enforce the laws. Therefore only the state ensures civil and public law through the power that ensures compliance with the law. The state of peace is not a natural state. Imperative: The formula of a mandate from the right. It is called “mandate” to the representation of an objective principle is as constricting to the will. The imperatives are, therefore, formulas for determining the action. The imperatives are expressed by means of a must be and made the mandate of an objective law of reason to a will which by its constitution subjective, is not necessarily determined by that law racional.Kant imperastivos distinction between categorical and hypothetical. Categorical imperative imperative that such an action prescribed by itself without reference to some as objectively necessary. Hypothetical imperative: the imperative type ordering behavior as a means of achieving a specific beacon.