Key Agricultural Terms: CAP, LEADER, and More
Key Agricultural Terms and Concepts
LEADER: European Project started in 1991 for rural areas affected by the conversion generated by the CAP. It provides grants to create innovative solutions targeted at areas that can serve as models to other areas.
CAP (Common Agricultural Policy): Established by the EU to place their products in international markets, moving from a situation of supply to another large surplus.
Maastricht Treaty: The EU Treaty which entered into force in 1993. In it, the European Community changed its name to the European Union and sets its three pillars: Economic and Monetary Unit (EMU), Common Foreign and Security Policy and International Policy of the EU, cooperation in the fields of justice and internal affairs.
Treaty of Rome: Signed by Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, France, Italy, and West Germany, creating the EEC and EURATOM. It allows free movement of persons, goods, and development and nuclear research for peaceful purposes and creates a common market for nuclear fuel.
Deep Sea Fishing: Catching fish done at distances from the coast (outside the line of 60 miles and the area between latitudes 0° – 60° N and meridians 10° E – 20° W).
Inshore Fishing: Catching fish that preserves family crafts.
INC (National Institute of Colonization): Agency of Franco agricultural policy aimed at production yields higher than the pre-Civil War era.
IRYDA (Institute of Agrarian Reform and Development): Established in 1971 to support rural agricultural activities accompanied by a development program.
Blanket Irrigation: Irrigation system supplying water to a breeding ground consisting of gravity to get water from canals and ditches and cover the entire plot with a water layer or sheet of varying thickness. It is a system that wastes lots of water, which tends to be replaced by a more efficient one, such as sprinkler or drip irrigation.
Seasonal Migration: Transhumance of livestock, access to new pastures.
Via Livestock: Cañada Real that served to move the cattle transhumance.
Agro-food Industry: The activity that converts agricultural raw materials (plant-animal) into intermediate products.
Extensive Exploitation Mode: Agricultural use, characterized by the variety of products carried out using traditional techniques and limited use of capital, so the yields are low.
Mesta: Meeting of the owners of older and younger farmers who cared for her upbringing and grass and sold to the common supply. Late thirteenth century.
Quilt: Cultivation technique that consists of a plastic overlay on cultivated land where spaces have been drilled for the development of plants.
Sharecropping: Farm scheme which provides a payment by a percentage of the harvest between the owner and the person working the land.
Practice: Traditional land fallow in the dry lands, to leave the land rest.
Land Consolidation: Agricultural Policy designed to reduce the smallholding reorganizing the plot of the municipalities.
Sanding: Cultivation technique consists in the superposition of a layer of sand over fertile soil layer in order to prevent water evaporation.