Key Concepts: Acculturation, Imperialism, and World War I Terms
Acculturation and Imperialism: Key Definitions
Acculturation
Modification of a culture as a result of contact with another culture.
Berlin Conference
Conference that established rules for the colonization of Africa by Europeans.
Boer Wars
Wars fought in South Africa between British and Dutch settlers (1880-1881) and (1899-1902).
Boxer Rebellion
Chinese uprising against foreign influence in China.
Colony
A country or region that is exploited and governed by another country.
Exploitation
The use of something or someone to your own advantage.
Imperialism
A system in which a country imposes its rule over another country or region.
Impressionism
A late 19th-century art movement that emphasized light and color over form.
Japonism
The influence of Japanese art on European art in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Metropole
The parent state of a colony.
Opium Wars
Wars fought between China and Britain and France that forced China to open up to trade with European colonial powers (1839-1842 and 1856-1860).
Plantation
A farm or estate used for growing crops on a large scale.
Post-Impressionism
An art movement that distanced itself from Impressionism and explored geometry, lines, color, and expression.
Protectorate
A territory that, following colonial occupation, maintained an indigenous government regulated by the metropole.
Resettlement
The act of people moving to another place to live.
Second Industrial Revolution
A period of rapid industrialization in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Taylorism
A system of scientific management.
World War I: Key Definitions
Allied Powers
Military allies based on the Triple Entente agreement.
Armistice
An agreement between two countries or groups at war to stop fighting for a given period of time, especially to negotiate peace.
Arms Race
Competition between two or more countries to have better and more powerful weapons than the other.
Bolshevik
Member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party, which supported Lenin and led the October Revolution of 1917, later known as communist.
Central Powers
Military allies based on the Triple Alliance agreement.
Cubism
An early 20th-century avant-garde art movement in which objects are analyzed, broken up, and rebuilt in an abstract form to show all possible viewpoints.
Eastern Front
The area where the German Empire and Austria-Hungary fought Russia during the First World War.
League of Nations
An intergovernmental organization founded in 1920 to maintain world peace after the First World War.
Propaganda
Information and ideas that usually give only one side of the argument with the intention of influencing people’s opinions.
Russian Revolution
A series of revolutions in the Russian Empire in 1917. Thanks to this, the USSR was created.
Suffragette Movement
A movement that fought for women’s right to vote.
Treaty of Versailles
The peace treaty that ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers in 1919.
Trench Warfare
A type of combat where armies are protected in trenches and advanced very slowly or not at all.
Triple Alliance
Military agreement signed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in 1882.
Triple Entente
Military agreement signed between France, Russia, and the UK in 1907.
War Economy
A government economic policy during a time of war with an emphasis on financing the war.
War of Movement
Warfare that takes place in open country.
Western Front
The area where most of the fighting and important military events occurred during the First World War.