Key Concepts in Public Health and Healthcare Systems
Key Areas of Public Health
Key areas of public health include:
- Rehabilitation of the sick or disabled, to reach the highest possible level of activity on its own. Preventive actions through colleges.
Characteristics of a Good Health Indicator
A good indicator is characterized as:
- Valid
Specific Fertility Rate for Women Aged 15 to 19
The specific fertility rate for women aged 15 to 19 years is the:
- Quotient between the number of live births to mothers 15 to 19 years of age during a given year and the female population aged 15 to 19 years old during the same period, usually multiplied by 1000.
Birth Rate
The birth rate is:
- A general rate
What an Index Measures
An index measures:
- Lack of risk level
Sources of Health Information
Sources of information are many. Among them, we can say that:
- There are static sources, such as national censuses. The absence of these prevents the generation of health strategies.
Health Intervention in a Population at Risk
If you decide to make a health intervention in a population at risk, you should always:
- Measure, diagnose, raise management goals, plan strategically, act, measure, and evaluate.
Health Programs
Health programs are the basis of the actions of healthcare at the primary level. We can say that:
- They are based on cost-effective activities, based on scientific evidence and expert clinical experience.
Institutional Definitions in Health Reform
Within the institutional definitions defined by the reform, we find that:
- The implementation of various health programs depends on the ability of health services in each region.
Obstacles in Health
As discussed in the classroom discussions, we can say that an obstacle in health is:
- Poverty
Health Care Reform and Guaranteed Health Problems (GES)
Health care reform identified multiple health problems that were guaranteed (GES). These are broken down to:
- Guarantees of access, financial protection, quality, and timeliness.
Welfare Network
For the welfare network:
- CECOF (Community Family Health Centers) are located in urban low-income and high-risk areas.
Direct Measure of Importance
The importance of direct measurement lies in:
- Allowing the identification of the population at risk and objectifying evidence.
Comprehensive Care Model with a Family Approach
The comprehensive care model with a family approach is based on:
- A health team assigned to a population and territory, “header”, coordinated with its network.
- Quality healthcare actions, with treatment that respects the dignity of others.
- Specific tools known and validated on the network.
Dental Indicators
Regarding dental indicators, we can say that:
- The CEO rate can be applied up to 12 years old.
Green and Vermillion Index
The Green and Vermillion index shows that:
- It is necessary to determine the degree of extension of the plate faces to study, assigning a value ranging from 0 to 3.
Age Structure of a Population
As discussed in class regarding the age structure of a population, we can say:
- The population pyramid of a young population is characterized by high fertility and a high infant mortality rate.
Intersectoriality in Health Management
Intersectoriality in health management allows:
- Expanding the vision of health problems, understanding that they are influenced by multiple determinants of health.
Fatality Rate
The fatality rate measures:
- The risk of dying from a specific disease.
Prevalence
Prevalence refers to:
- The number of people affected by an event in a short time.
Morbidity
Morbidity measures:
- The risk of illness from a pathology.
Dean’s Index
Dean’s index measures:
- A very mild level where it affects less than 25% of the buccal tooth surface.
Functions of the World Health Organization
Among the functions of the World Health Organization are:
- Determining the research agenda and stimulating the production, diffusion, and dissemination of valuable knowledge.
Concept of “Coverage” in Health
The concept of “coverage” in health concerns:
- Access to health presentations by the population.
Pan American Health Organization
With respect to the Pan American Health Organization, we can say:
- Part of its mission is to generate strategic alliances.
Economically Active Population
As reviewed in class:
- The economically active population consists of individuals aged 15 to 64 years.
- The economically inactive population consists of individuals under 15 and over 64 years.
- The economically inactive population includes those over 15 and under 64 who are non-productive.
Chilean Health System
With respect to the Chilean health system, we can say that:
- It is considered mixed.
Ecological Triad
Within the ecological triad, the agent may be:
- Physical, chemical, or biological.
Natural History of Disease
“I have a tooth that is poking me from behind another, doctor.” At what stage of the natural history of disease is this phrase associated?
- Clinical
Municipal Health System
The Municipal Health System comprises:
- Urban general practices, clinics, rural general practices, CESFAM (Family Health Centers), CECOF, rural medical stations.
Type II Hospitals
Type II hospitals are characterized by:
- Having medical and dental specialties other than the four basic medical specialties.
GES Conditions
Within the GES conditions, we find:
- Hypertension