Key Concepts in Science: Classification, Energy, and Matter
Why Do We Classify Organisms?
Living organisms are classified mainly to avoid confusion, to make the study of organisms easy, and to learn how various organisms are related to each other. Scientists classify living organisms into different kingdoms, phyla, classes, etc. based on different criteria.
When Is Work Considered Done?
Work is said to be done when a force applied to an object causes displacement in that object. This can be expressed as W = F x s.
How to Calculate the Molar Mass of Hydrochloric Acid
The molar mass of hydrochloric acid = Molar mass of H + Molar mass of Cl = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5 g.
What Are Polyatomic Ions?
A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms carrying a charge (positive or negative). For example, nitrate ions (NO3–) and hydroxide ions (OH–).
Elements Present in Quick Lime and Baking Soda
The elements present in quick lime are calcium and oxygen. It forms calcium oxide, and its formula is CaO. Baking powder is sodium bicarbonate, which is NaHCO3. The elements present in it are sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen.
How Do Annelid Animals Differ from Arthropod Animals?
Annelids are animals that are referred to as segmented worms, while arthropods are referred to as animals with jointed legs. An example of an annelid is the earthworm, and an example of an arthropod is the housefly. The organisms show the presence of annuli (rings or segments) all over the body.
Converting 12g of O2 Gas to Moles
The number of moles in 12g O2 = Given mass/ Molar mass = 12/32 = 0.375 mole.
How Do Poriferan Animals Differ from Coelenterate Animals?
Poriferans are asymmetric and non-motile organisms, usually found attached to rocks. Coelenterates are radially symmetrical and motile organisms that either live in colonies or as solitary organisms. They have pores or holes throughout their body.
Defining 1 Joule of Work
1 Joule is the amount of work done when a force of one Newton displaces a body by one meter in the direction of the force applied. Joule is the SI unit of work.
Defining Average Power and Its Expression
The average power definition states the ratio of total work done to the total time taken. It is denoted by P. The SI unit of measurement for average power is the Watt. The device used to measure average power is a wattmeter. The average power formula is P=ΔW/ΔT, and P = VI for electric circuits.
Expression for Kinetic Energy
The energy possessed by a body by virtue of which it stays in motion is called kinetic energy. The expression for kinetic energy is given by k = 1/2 mv2, where m is the mass and v is the velocity of the body.
Stating the Law of Conservation of Energy
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can neither be created nor be destroyed. Although, it may be transformed from one form to another.
Defining a Mole
The amount of a substance that contains the same number of elementary particles (ions, molecules, or atoms) as the number of atoms present in carbon is called the mole.
Defining Atomic Mass Unit
An atomic mass unit is defined as accurately 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom. The carbon-12 atom has six neutrons and six protons in its nucleus. It is represented as a.m.u or u (unified).
What is a Phanerogam?
Phanerogams are plants that have seeds. They are also known as spermatophytes. The plant body is differentiated into roots, stems, and leaves. They have a well-developed vascular system. Gymnosperms and angiosperms are categorized under Phanerogams.