Laboratory Techniques and Experiments in Chemistry
Turn on/off:
encendre, switch on/off:
encendre, place:
posar, pour:
abocar, fill:
omplir, insert:
introduir, remove:
treure, withdraw:
sacar, connect:
connectar, attach:
adjuntar, fix:
reparar,measure:
mesurar, calculate:
calcular, find:
trobar, draw:
dibuixar, sketch:
esborrany, observe:
observar, arrange:
organitzar, note:
anotar,repeat:
repetir, weigh:
pesar,allow:
permetre, compare:
comparar, consider:
considerar, dry:
assecar, moisten:
humitejar, add:
afegir, cover:
tapar:
Heat:
escalfar, cool:
refredar, dilute:
diluir, dissolve:
disoldre, consult:
consultar, mix:
barrejar, burn:
cremar, take:
agafar, hold:
sostenir, keep:
guardar, make:
fer.
1.Fill a container with dilute sulphuric acid.
2Arrange two eletrodes in the electrolyte so that they are vertial and at a distance from each other.
3Connect a galvanometer across the plates by means of two wires.
4.Note the reading indicated by the galvanometer deflection.
5.Wait for a short time 6.Observe the action of the acid and the cooper.
7Remove the electrodes from the container.
8.Disconnect the wires 9Replace the copper and zinc electrodes with carbon and iron electrodes 10.Re-connect the galvanometer.
11.Read the value of the galvanometer deflection12.Compare this value with the value for copper and zinc.The electrodes should be removed from the container and the aires disconneted./The copper and zinc electrodes should be repleaced with the caron and iron electrodes./Then the galvanometer should be reconnected and the value of the deflection should be noted./Then the value of the deflection should be compared with the value for copper and zinc.
1.
Crush some ice and mix it with a small amount of common salt to produe a freezing mixture./ 2.
Place this freezing mixture in a large container./3.
Pour a small amount of hot water into a calorimeter and insert this calorimeter into the freezing mixture./4.
Allow the water to cool;
And by means of a mercury thermometer, take readings of the temperature of the water at regular intervals.
note the temperature at every reading. The water should be stirred continually throughout the experiment./5.
Continue the experiment until the temperature of the water is well below 0ºC.
Observe carefully what happens to the water as the temperature approaches 0ºC.
Continue stirring the water and noting the temperature for several minutes after ace forms in the calorimeter./6.From the results, plot a graph of temperature against time./7.From the graph,and from the observations made during the experiment;
attempt to make deductions about what takes place when the temperature of water is lowered.The function oif the thermometer is to measure the temperature of the solution./the function of the stopper is to hold the thermometer/the function of the bunsen burner is to heat the liquid/the function of the tube at the top of the condenser is to conduct the cool water away/the function o f the cool water is to cool the vaporised alcohol/the function of the tube at the bottom of the condenser is to conduct cool water in/the function of the beaker is to collet the condensed alcohol/the function of the tripod is to support the apparatus.
Inorganic Chemustry-Laboratory Techniques:
1.Synthetic inorganic chemistry/2.Actually done/3.Basic laboratory techniques/4.Contemporary reseach/5.Vaccum /6.Taps/7.Reaction/8.Refluxed the mixture/ 9.Flask/10.Oxygen/11.Atmosphere/12.Compounds/13oxygen sensitive/ 14.Remove oxygen/15.Oxygen/16.Pioneer/17.Thousand new complexes.1.A major form of energy is nuclear energy,the energy that is trapped inside each atom.One of the laws of the universe is that matter and energy can’t be created nor destroyed. But they an be changed i form./2. Atoms are made up of smaller particles./3.In nuclear power plants, control rods are used to keep the splitting regulated so it doesn’t go too fast./4.If the reaction isn’t controlled you could have an atomic bomb./5.The reaction also creates radioactive material/6.The chain reaction gives off heat energy. This heat energy is used to boil water in the core in the reactor/7.The water from around the nuclear core is sent to another section of the power plant.Here, in the heat exchander, it heats another set of pipes filled with water to make steam.The steam in this second set of pipes turns a turbine to generate electricity.
1.Many accidents are caused by dangerous diving./2.Cheese is made from milk/3.The roof of the building was damaged in a storm a few days ago/ 4There’s no need to leave a tip. Service is included in the bill/5.You were invited yo yhe wedding.Why didn’t you go?/6.A cinema is a place where films are showed./
7.In the united state, election for President are held every four years/8.Originally the book was written in Spanish ans a few years ago it was translated into English./9We were driving along quite fas but we were overtaken by lots of other cars.
Description of a process
Steam is produced in either a boiler or a nuclear reactor. In the case of a boiler, this may be fuelled by either coal or oil. The steams travels along pipes to a turbine,where it drives the shaft at high spedd.The shaft of the turbine is coupled to the rotor of the generator, and the rapid revolution of the revolution of the rotor induces an eletruc current in the outer oart of the generator, which is known as the stator. This electricity is then fed into the eletricity grid system. When it has passed through the turbine, the steam eneters the condenser. Here it passes over tubes containing cooling water. The steam is therefore cooled, and it condenses back to water.The water is then returned to the boiler by means of a series of pumps.