Leadership, Management, and Team Empowerment

1. Leadership Definition and Stages

Leadership, also known as execution, command, or direction within the Administrative Process, is crucial. Some consider management and direction synonymous due to leadership’s prominence in administrative functions. Thus, all leaders can be considered managers.

a) Command or Authority

The authority to make impactful decisions.

b) Communication

The process of exchanging ideas and information between a sender and receiver.

c) Monitoring

Ensuring tasks are completed as planned.

2. Elements of Leadership

Key elements include:

  • Executing plans according to the organizational structure.
  • Motivating and guiding subordinates’ efforts.
  • Communication.
  • Monitoring.
  • Achieving organizational goals.

3. Management Principles

  • Harmony, Purpose, and Coordination of Interests: Aligning actions with company objectives.
  • Impersonality of Command: Authority stems from the need to achieve results.
  • Direct Supervision: Leaders supporting subordinates for smoother plan execution.
  • Hierarchy: Respecting communication channels to avoid conflicts and diffused responsibility.
  • Conflict Resolution: Addressing conflicts promptly to prevent escalation.
  • Leveraging Conflict: Utilizing conflict resolution to explore new strategies and alternatives.

4. Motivation Defined

Motivation encompasses all factors that initiate, sustain, and direct behavior toward a goal.

5. Abraham Maslow’s Theory

Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs posits that as basic needs are met, higher-level needs and desires emerge.

6. David McClelland’s Theory

Developed in 1962, and influenced by Max Weber, this theory suggests that industrialized nations’ development is driven by cultural factors, including ethics. McClelland argued that human motivation is rooted in cultural groups and identified three key motivating factors.

7. Frederick Herzberg’s Theory

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory (1959) proposes that two factors influence people:

  • Motivation factors primarily drive satisfaction. Their presence increases satisfaction, but their absence doesn’t necessarily cause dissatisfaction.
  • Hygiene factors primarily influence dissatisfaction. Their absence or inadequacy causes dissatisfaction, but their presence doesn’t significantly contribute to long-term satisfaction.

8. Empowerment Defined

Empowerment is a strategic process fostering partnership between an organization and its people. It enhances trust, authority, responsibility, and commitment to better serve customers.

Empowered Teams

Empowered teams are employee groups responsible for a product or service. They share leadership, collaborate to improve work processes, and make decisions related to work methods.

9. Characteristics of Empowered Teams

  • Shared leadership and administrative tasks.
  • Authority to evaluate and improve performance quality and process information.
  • Contribution to business strategy.
  • Flexibility, creativity, and commitment.
  • Coordination and exchange with other teams and organizations.
  • Improved relationships based on honesty and trust.
  • Positive attitude and enthusiasm.

10. Coaching Defined

Coaching is a method of directing, instructing, and training an individual or group to achieve a goal or develop specific skills.

11. Managerial Competencies

Managerial competencies enable effective role fulfillment and leadership.

12. Strategic Competencies

Strategic competencies relate to strategy development, implementation, and outcomes.

13. Intratégicas Competencies

Intratégicas competencies focus on employee development, building confidence, and fostering company commitment.

14. Personal Effectiveness Competencies

These include proactivity, charisma, self-control, self-management, integrity, and personal development.

15. Types of Power

Coercive Power

Based on the leader’s ability to instill fear and punish subordinate behavior, often through criticism, verbal reprimands, etc.

Legitimate Power

Derived from hierarchical position and delegated authority. Formal leaders’ legitimate power is accepted by all organizational members.

Expert Power

Stems from mastery of techniques, skills, specialized knowledge, and experience. Leaders with deep expertise in their area wield expert power.

Information Power


(Information is power) is commonly said, Who has access to special information and controls, who for better information about the goals and plans of the organization levels, resources and operational possibilities are to guide the conduct of subordinates


Power Reference
It arises from the admiration and positive feelings that are aroused in others, they may even have ownership of the leader’s charisma, being then follow it unconditionally


17 .- Mention the skills required to negotiate.
R = know and show their strength, Managing without showing your weaknesses, solve conflicts, Knowing the other party and their needs, present arguments in accordance with the behavioral characteristics of the other negotiator, behave in such a way that builds trust, listening, communicating , Creating a climate of cooperation


18 .- Define who is monitoring.
R = Monitoring is a technical and specialized activity that aims to rationally use fundamental factors that make possible the completion of work processes, man, raw materials, equipment, machinery, tools, money, among other things that directly or indirectly involved in the achievement of goods, services and products to satisfy needs of a consumer market, more and more demanding, and that through its management may contribute to the success of the company.


19 .- mentions the characteristics of the supervisor.
R = The following is some personal characteristics of supervisors:
· Energy and good health.
· Potential for leadership.
Capacity to develop good relationships.
· Knowledge of labor and expertise.
Capacity to to keep pace.
Capacity to teaching.
· Ability to solve problems.
· Dedication and reliability.
· Positive attitude toward management.