Linguistic Morphology: Key Concepts and Word Formation
Linguistic Morphology: Key Concepts
1. The linguistic sign unites the concept and the signified. True
2. Bound bases can be the core part of a word. False
3. Pronouns are function words. True
4. The word ‘fast’ can be an adjective and a preposition, depending on the context. True
5. We can add inflectional affixes to stems. True
6. There are some compounds to which we can add the suffix -s to the first or to the second element for pluralizing them. True
7. A stem is always a root. ______?
8. The primary function of transpositional affixes is to add extra meaning to their bases. False
9. The only way by which a language increases its vocabulary is by creating new words from already existing words. ________True
10. In the English language, the most productive process for creating words is Compounding. _____True
Isolating: D-F-E Agglutinating: B-C Inflectional: G-A |
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2. The word reflections is a ______________ word.
A. simple B. compound C. monomorphemic D. complex
3. The compound teacher-student is a _______________ compound.
A. coordinate endocentric B. coordinate exocentric C. subordinate exocentric D. synthetic
4. The word smog entered into the English language as a/an ____________ word.
A. blended B. borrowed C. blended D. invented
5. A root cannot be _________________.
A. stem B. base C. the core part of a word D. dependent
6. The creation of the word US reflagging does not involve _________________.
A. Initialism B. Affixation C. Compounding D. Coinage
7. The creation of the word Vox Pop does not involve ___________________.
A. Borrowing B. Affixation C. Clipping D. Compounding
8. The word formation process that creates the word flexilink is known as _________________.
A. Affixation B. Compounding C. Coinage D. Blending
9. The kind of semantic shift that has suffered the word sick along time is known as ____________.
A. Amelioration B. Broadening C. Pejoration D. Weakening
10. The kind of semantic shift that has suffered the word deer along time is known as ____________.
A. Amelioration B. Broadening C. Narrowing D. Weakening
Examples of Word Formation Processes
Show-offs: To behave in a way that is intended to attract attention or admiration, and that other people often find annoying. Example: He’s always showing off to his classmates.
So-and-sos: An unnamed or unspecified person, thing, or action. Ex: Mr. Baker was such a so-and-so – he was always really mean!
Reduplication: Ha-ha. This process consists of repeating a complete word or parts of it.
Compounding: NOTEBOOK. Process of putting words together to build a new one that ”does not denote two things, but one” and that is ”pronounced as one unit.”
Back formation: editor = edit. Reduction of nouns to form verbs.
Clipping: Gasoline = GAS. Shortening of a poly-syllabic word.
Coinage: GOOGLE. The word formation process of inventing entirely new words.
Semantic shift: MOUSE. Tracking the changing meaning of words through time.
Word Formation Processes: Examples
Column A Column B
RAM (random access memory): acronym
xerox (Xeroxography): clipping
telathon (television + maratón): blending
elect (Election): back formation
scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus): acronym
Isleta Morphemes and Translations
I. List the Isleta morphemes corresponding to the following English translations:
I: te you: a come: wan present progressive (is … -ing): we
(e) past: ban
III. Translate each of the following sentences into Isleta:
(a) He came: miwanban
(b) I will go: temihi
(c) You were coming: awanaj
Pronouns, Verbs, and Tenses
I: ni See: ona Present: na
Him: m Carry: chukua Past: li
Sentences:
I have helped you: nimekusaidia
He will cure them: atawapanya