Literary and Linguistic Concepts: Definitions and Structures

Posted on Feb 3, 2025 in Social Anthropology

Literary Description

Goes beyond external appearance to evoke reader reaction.

Etopeya

Form, perspective, and organization of data; disposition, ethical values, tastes, and habits.

Advertising

Mechanisms and activities to sell a product, service, or idea.

  • Shopping-oriented consumer
  • Institutional: to guide citizen behavior
  • Politics: for adhesion to a political ideology

Advertising Features

Concision, weighting, and originality.

Monographic Work Structure

Identifies the text’s genre.

Juxtaposition

Union of two independent, syntactically equivalent segments.

Coordinated Copulative

Propositions linked by coordinating conjunctions (and, or).

Coordinated Adversity

Non-coordinating links between propositions (but, yet) indicating contraposition.

Coordinated Dilemmas

Link with coordinating conjunctions (or) indicating a choice between mutually exclusive possibilities.

Hiatus

Two vowels: same, open + open, different open, atonic vowel + closed, or vice versa.

Diphthongs

Formed by a vowel (AEO) and a closed (iu) or vice versa; tilde over the open vowel.

Varieties of Language

Different ways people express themselves in a linguistic community: historical, geographical, social, register.

Standard

Uses considered a model of correct expression.

Slang

Incorrect uses from ignorance of rules, reflecting a low cultural level.

Descriptive Text

Explains the form or qualities of beings or objects.

Comparative

Highlights common and differential features.

Research

Investigating syntactic structures for knowledge: theoretical, field.

Subordinate

Dependency ratio showing an addition to a word or group of words functioning as a core.

Review

Descriptive text to familiarize with a subject.

Review Parts

  • Presentation
  • Abstract
  • Reviews

Understanding a Text

Extracting relevant information and capturing its organization.

Parts

  • Recognizing the issues
  • Determining the hierarchy
  • Discovering the organization of ideas

Radio Address

Combines spoken word with music and sound effects.

Television

Joint communication system combining verbal, visual, and acoustic elements.

Substantive Subordination

Propositions behaving as a noun.

Substantive Proposals

Categorized by their role in a sentence.

Subordinate Adjective

Propositions equivalent to an adjective, complementing a nominal head.

Instructional Diagrams

Characteristic text type, e.g., cooking recipes.

Social Varieties

Organized by speakers’ affiliation to groups, involving several factors.

Variation Factors

Diversification of language within a community; not always influencing all cultures equally.

Underlying Content

Implicit data or ideas not specified.

Adverbial Propositions

Propositions equivalent to an adverb, playing a circumstantial complement.

Of Time

Express a circumstance of time related to the main proposition.

Of Place

Express a fact referring to the main proposition.

So

Express a circumstance referring to the main proposition.

Oral Presentation

Explanation and development of a matter for a thorough and objective report; requires advance preparation.