Magnetism: Natural, Permanent & Temporary Magnets
iman k sust pose any property or d adkirido attract magnets baras sn l d Fe.Normalmnt Gometra rgular elongated shape.
Type
1.
Naturals
magntita s 1 potnt the natural magnet, has the property d ls attract all magnetic substances. His pieces attract caractrística d s d terre d natural.Sta Compustar x oxide magnetic substances ierro.Ls akyas k sn x sn attracted the magntita.2.
prmannts artificials.
sn k ls magnetic substances when rubbed with magntita, s conviertn in imans, and consrvan durant owned d muxo tiempo atracción.3.
tmxals artificials.
producn 1 k akyos magnetic field only when the 1st corrientléctrica circulates xyos. 1 ejmplo syectroimán.
IntracciÓn notif imans magnetic pols ls dl d notic s difrnt attract; ls dl rpln.Si same name s 1 s romp magnet pieces each 1 d ls comxta cm s new magnet, and their own pols prsnta north and south. When s approaches the 1st magnetic needle or compass to 1 magnet, south pole l d the needle twitch s north pole oriented to the attraction of effect dbid impossibility ambos.S pols d 1 ls sxar magnet.S magnetic field the rgion dl in the k-space acting force on the 1st or the 1st magnetic needle about 1 imán.1 magnet spacing altral your alrddor: pkñas compass needles or pieces d terre, xl atraí2 sn magnet pro exprimntn not any efcto in ausncia dl mismo.Ls rprsntan mdiant magnetic field lines about d s strength.
intnso field in s + ls + a ls rgions proxy force lines about d: ls pols.
Lorntz
When 1 / d force cargaléctrica moving in 1a s dsplaza area where there is 1 field magnetic ad + d ls x efctos rgi2 the l d coulomb, sv Somtas action the 1st k d 1A fuerza.Supongamos charge q, ks vlocidad v dsplaza a 1a, enl intrior d 1 b magnetic field. St aparzca the 1st field force gnra k f, k acting on the charge q, k d Manra DIXA podm assess the strength x exprsión: f = qvB.
cm sl force vctorial product rsultado d 1, Mrs factors prpndicular to ls, s DCIR, the vlocidad and the magnetic field. To Mr. Vlocidad d prpndicular to load, so sa its trajectory, x DIXA force which ised not work on the load, suppose k k d ay enrgía kinetic change, or what ks the same, no cambial the module d vlocidad. Ks the only action arises when the particle enters the magnetic field enl, s the 1st variation dircción d the d the vlocidad, mantnién2e constantl module.
magnticasfuerza forces magnetism on the 1st current rctilína a moving charge prsncia d 1 in the 1st magnet exprimnta magnetic force f m k LVSD his career. K given the continued corrientléctrica suppose d 1 move cargo, 1 driver x where current flows will suffer the action d 1 x magnetic field, l d efcto whole magnetic forces ks ls ls ejrcn sobr móvils d dífrnts loads its intrior. If the current length l d s rctilína, the magnetic force exprsión d takes the form: fm= iblsn or where is the current intnsidad d, b d intnsidad field and the angle k öl withthe current form Víctor field. The equation antrior, ks laplace conoc cm l d, s can obtnr exprimntalmnt can also dducirs the exprsión d f m = ibl. ö d sn magnetic force on the 1st live load. Assuming k s current stacionaria, sto s, d intnsidad in such constant and circumstantial considrando avanc d ls d motion loads 1iform cm, s satisfies the equality: qv = i.Lpus in such supusto v = l / tei = q / t; t dspjando variable in both Equations and equal rsultal / v = q / iecuación ekivalnt to antrior. Dircción yl sntido the magnetic force f d m s OBTI applying rgla d izkierda hand, withthe thumb ddo dircción d rprsntando the magnetic forcef m, the magnetic field índicl heart ddo b l l current magnetic force on the 1st one rctangular spira spira shaped rctangular x the k circulating current when the 1st enl s located intrior d 1 magnetic field produced cml erradura d x 1 magnet, I suffered 1 set magnetic accions d k d producn enya 1 move or shift rotation, dispusta xallamnt flagpole located at the field b dircción dl (or lines about dircción d ls d force.
) applying the l d d 1 laplace sgmntos vrticals cualkiera d ls d length leads to m = exprsión whither bissn ára d s sl SPIR. When turning spira xallamnt s guides to the field, to cro s c m l mom ento rsulta zero, k k sta guidance explains the dl sa EKILIBRIO.
galvanómtro d moving picture formed coil located on the 1st x 1 field coil rotates magnético.La to circulate corrientlyeva éctrica and link 1 ks rsort opposes its rotation. D turn coil or difficult ekilibra s ejrcida opposed rsort xl, the coil in 1 s dtien certain angle, k the intnsidad d d dpnd the corrientléctrica.CaractrÍsticas: the maximum or value intnsidad the intnsidad d d corrientléctrica.La rsistncia the intrna. Has 2 utilidads: amprímtro: used xa intnsidad mdir dirctamnt the corrient.Voltímtro d: sl couples in the 1st rsistncia srie dbid a 1a magnetic field rctilína the current rptición the expriencia d ans d xristian oerstd filings with the aid d d terre dispustas sobr the 1st card prpndicular the driver yl rctilíno, put the 1st structura manifisto d d d lines about the magnetic field strength rsultant dl, forming concentric k circunfrncias wheel to ilo. Withthe rlacionars its sntido pued convncional d ls replacing current filings x pkñas compasses. In this case s north pole obsrva kl-k d each compass always points enl Víctor intnsidad d dl sntido field b–
S corrspond indicating rstants d d2 d ls drxa smicrrada hand around the stream, where the thumb points sntido d enl DIXA current. Sta s thergla d k aparc drxa hand in the accompanying figure rprsntada k prmit rlacionarl sntido d 1A withthe current rctilína lines about sntido d ls d dl magnetic field strength x and b crade. Expriencias + k dtayadas indicate the field b intnsidad dl dpnd d ls dl caractrísticas MDIO k rctilína stem the flow, being much higher with a higher s the current i d intnsidad Mnor as the distance r s ilo driver. Kda which encompassed everything in the equation: b = ì ì .I/2.ð.R face rprsnta the 1st constant k ctrística MDIO dl nombre d rcibl magnetic prmabilidad. enl empty value s ì 0= 4.ð.10 -7Tm / a.
magnetic field circular dbid a 1a spira l dl spctro studio dbid a 1a magnetic circular flow complte with information field k dl sobrl sntido crade ofrcn pkñas brjulas indicates k ls dl force field lines about d s closed around each xción d the spira cm if it consisted of the Runion d pkños sections rctilínos. Together, l magnetic spctro parc rsultant s to d 1 muxo rcto magnet with north and south pols. The north face d 1A circular flow considrada cm 1 magnet, s living room akya d dond lines about d ls strength and the south side where akya other yegan dixas línas.La rlación magnetic polarity of effect d 1A spira sntido d l k current circulates x and the stablc the drxa hand rgla d ks d the sta driva another: 1a s nort face when 1 v aya FRNT obsrvador located circular current (convncional) d ys drxa to south enl izkierda otherwise. The factors about the ls exprimntación enl influence k d value of field b intnsidad d d enl intrior above shows the spira ls k est d dpnd Propertys MDIO k dl stem the spira (rfljadas in magnetic prmabilidad ì), d the i dl intnsidad current value d dl the spira radio rd, in the form given x the equation: b = ì .I/2.Rdl Origne natural magntismo l l exo dk ls x ls produci2 magnetic fields were imans to smjants ls ls produci2 x corrientsléctricas yevó Ampere to natural explicarl magntismo d corrientsléctricas terms. French physicist preferentially st, enl intrior d ls 1as corrientsléctricas microscopic matrials exist rsistncia null and circulars d, x therefore indfinida d duration, each 1A D stas corrients produce 1 field and the sum magnéticolmntal explain to2yos d ls d ls matrials.La magnetic Propertys dl terre magnetization was explained x amps in the following way: in st matrialsl type d extrior magnetic field could orient the field ls corrientslmntals xallamnt k d way to dsaparcr est kdarían ordnadas cm to 1 according to ls imán.D actuals knowledge about the composition d the motherland, in ls lslctrons atoms cm s comxtan efctivamnt Aniya d pkños current. With its orbital motion around the nucleus, the 1st SPCI d cadalctrón efctúa rotation around itself dnominada spin; puedn both contribute to each atom and magntismo d to2 ls dl magntismo atoms to take care. D at the time unaware of the existncia amper s dyectrón; its circulars ipótsis d ls s corrients AdLaNt in 3 quarts d modrna century to the atomic tory, x lo k can considrada cm sr advance the 1st gnial 100tífica.
fno-magnetic d somtr the motherland to the motherland to 1 field extrior s prsntan 3 fno-magnetic:
Diamagntismo:
variation in 1a consist radio d dl d vlocidad turn the burden ls d ls d atoms with magnetic momnto varial k d hese. Fnómno st prsnta a to2 ls s atoms, pro or difficult aprcia numro dlctrons s s dispusto with the 1st grand and simtría such momnto kl dl magnetic atom magnetic field nulo.L enl s intrior d s Mnor hese bodies. Ls s caractrizan x matrials diamagnetic difícilmnt or anything imantabls sr.
Xamagntismo:
st prsnta when fnómno s ls dl sustanciasl momnto magnetic atom s zero dirccions sta ls in all, with k ls aparcn cm non-magnetic substances in pro prsncia d 1 ordnan field extrior s k d a d st rfuerzan action and prsntan suscptibilidad> 1. St fnómno thermal agitation dpnd d d ls d molecules and x therefore thetmpratura ls matrials xamagnéticos sn fácils d magntizar.
Frromagntismo:
s prsntan in sóli2 intratómicos sufi100tmnt grands produce 1 cm xa momntos atomic xallismo d ls d 1 d atoms come together, ls cuals s ordnan the field somtrls to 1 cm extrior Sucden xamagntismo enl.