Mastering English Grammar: Clauses, Nouns, and Verb Forms
1. Relative Clauses & Pronouns
Defining (essential information):
The book that you gave me is very interesting.
She’s the teacher who helped me pass the test.
Non-defining (extra information):
My brother, who lives in London, is visiting next week.
Paris, which is the capital of France, is beautiful.
2. Open Cloze (Fill in the blanks)
Example sentence:
I don’t know ___ to go to the party or not. (whether)
She is better ___ math than me. (at)
3. General Nouns
- Abstract nouns: love, happiness, freedom
- Concrete nouns: table, car, phone
- Countable nouns: apple, book, chair
- Uncountable nouns: water, sugar, information
4. Like, As, As If, As Though
- Like (preposition) → You look like your mother.
- As (preposition before a job) → She works as a teacher.
- As if / As though (unreal or imaginary situations) → He talks as if he were rich.
5. Gerunds & Infinitives
- Gerunds (-ing form) → I enjoy reading books.
- Infinitives (to + verb) → She decided to go to the party.
Defining Relative Clauses: Who, Which, That, Where
Exercise 1
- I have a friend who speaks four languages.
- The Internet is a place where you can get cheap technology products.
- E-mails which advertise things are called “spam”.
- A “technophobe” is someone that is scared of technology.
- We should only buy products that can be recycled.
Like, As, If, As Though
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
Gerund or Infinitive
Fishing used to be my favourite hobby at your age.
We talked about travelling together next summer.
I remember being here when I was a child.
I think I didn’t remember to lock the door when we left.
1. Relative Clauses & Pronouns
Defining (essential information):
The book that you gave me is very interesting.
She’s the teacher who helped me pass the test.
Non-defining (extra information):
My brother, who lives in London, is visiting next week.
Paris, which is the capital of France, is beautiful.
2. Open Cloze (Fill in the blanks)
Example sentence:
I don’t know ___ to go to the party or not. (whether)
She is better ___ math than me. (at)
3. General Nouns
- Abstract nouns: love, happiness, freedom
- Concrete nouns: table, car, phone
- Countable nouns: apple, book, chair
- Uncountable nouns: water, sugar, information
4. Like, As, As If, As Though
- Like (preposition) → You look like your mother.
- As (preposition before a job) → She works as a teacher.
- As if / As though (unreal or imaginary situations) → He talks as if he were rich.
5. Gerunds & Infinitives
- Gerunds (-ing form) → I enjoy reading books.
- Infinitives (to + verb) → She decided to go to the party.
Defining Relative Clauses: Who, Which, That, Where
Exercise 1
- I have a friend who speaks four languages.
- The Internet is a place where you can get cheap technology products.
- E-mails which advertise things are called “spam”.
- A “technophobe” is someone that is scared of technology.
- We should only buy products that can be recycled.
Like, As, If, As Though
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
Gerund or Infinitive
Fishing used to be my favourite hobby at your age.
We talked about travelling together next summer.
I remember being here when I was a child.
I think I didn’t remember to lock the door when we left.
1. Relative Clauses & Pronouns
Defining (essential information):
The book that you gave me is very interesting.
She’s the teacher who helped me pass the test.
Non-defining (extra information):
My brother, who lives in London, is visiting next week.
Paris, which is the capital of France, is beautiful.
2. Open Cloze (Fill in the blanks)
Example sentence:
I don’t know ___ to go to the party or not. (whether)
She is better ___ math than me. (at)
3. General Nouns
- Abstract nouns: love, happiness, freedom
- Concrete nouns: table, car, phone
- Countable nouns: apple, book, chair
- Uncountable nouns: water, sugar, information
4. Like, As, As If, As Though
- Like (preposition) → You look like your mother.
- As (preposition before a job) → She works as a teacher.
- As if / As though (unreal or imaginary situations) → He talks as if he were rich.
5. Gerunds & Infinitives
- Gerunds (-ing form) → I enjoy reading books.
- Infinitives (to + verb) → She decided to go to the party.
Defining Relative Clauses: Who, Which, That, Where
Exercise 1
- I have a friend who speaks four languages.
- The Internet is a place where you can get cheap technology products.
- E-mails which advertise things are called “spam”.
- A “technophobe” is someone that is scared of technology.
- We should only buy products that can be recycled.
Like, As, If, As Though
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
Gerund or Infinitive
Fishing used to be my favourite hobby at your age.
We talked about travelling together next summer.
I remember being here when I was a child.
I think I didn’t remember to lock the door when we left.
1. Relative Clauses & Pronouns
Defining (essential information):
The book that you gave me is very interesting.
She’s the teacher who helped me pass the test.
Non-defining (extra information):
My brother, who lives in London, is visiting next week.
Paris, which is the capital of France, is beautiful.
2. Open Cloze (Fill in the blanks)
Example sentence:
I don’t know ___ to go to the party or not. (whether)
She is better ___ math than me. (at)
3. General Nouns
- Abstract nouns: love, happiness, freedom
- Concrete nouns: table, car, phone
- Countable nouns: apple, book, chair
- Uncountable nouns: water, sugar, information
4. Like, As, As If, As Though
- Like (preposition) → You look like your mother.
- As (preposition before a job) → She works as a teacher.
- As if / As though (unreal or imaginary situations) → He talks as if he were rich.
5. Gerunds & Infinitives
- Gerunds (-ing form) → I enjoy reading books.
- Infinitives (to + verb) → She decided to go to the party.
Defining Relative Clauses: Who, Which, That, Where
Exercise 1
- I have a friend who speaks four languages.
- The Internet is a place where you can get cheap technology products.
- E-mails which advertise things are called “spam”.
- A “technophobe” is someone that is scared of technology.
- We should only buy products that can be recycled.
Like, As, If, As Though
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
He sounded ___ she had a bad cold.
All of these are possible here.
Gerund or Infinitive
Fishing used to be my favourite hobby at your age.
We talked about travelling together next summer.
I remember being here when I was a child.
I think I didn’t remember to lock the door when we left.