Mastering English Grammar: Nouns, Verbs, Questions & More
English Grammar Essentials
Possessive Nouns
- The boy’s ball (one boy)
- The boys’ ball (two or more boys)
Singular Noun | Plural Noun |
My child’s dog | My children’s dog |
The man’s work | The men’s work |
The mouse’s cage | The mice’s cage |
A person’s clothes | People’s clothes |
Names and Titles
- Names:
Pablo Alejandro Vidal
First name Middle Name Last Name
- Name Titles:
Mr: Man / married or single
Ms.: Woman / married or single
Miss: Woman/ single
Mrs.: Woman / married
Personal Information
- Personal Information:
What’s your… name/e-mail address/ phone number?
It’s … Pablo/ pablovidal@santotomas.cl / 912349834
Spelling and Grammar
- Spelling (Look for the spelling online)
- Present of “be”
Affirmative:
- I + am + complement (I am here/ I am happy)
- He/she/it + is + complement (She is here/ he is happy)
- We/you/they + are + complement (They are here/ they are happy)
Negative:
- I + am + not + complement (I am not here/ I am not happy)
- He/she/it + is + not + complement (She is not here/ he is not happy)
- We/you/they + are + not + complement (They are not here/ they are not happy)
Questions:
- Am + I + complement (Am I your friend?)
- Is + he/she/it + complement (Is she here? / Is she happy?)
- Are + we/you/they + complement (Are you here? / Are they happy?)
*Contractions:
He is = he’s / She is = she’s / They are = they’re / We are = we’re… etc.
Is not = isn’t / are not = aren’t
Objects and Articles
- Objects
- Articles
a : Before consonant sounds (a car, a hotel)
an : before vowel sounds (an apple, an mp3)
Some : Before plural nouns (Some chairs, some apples, some cars)
Questions
Singular questions: Plural questions:What’s this? What are these?
It’s an apple / It’s a car They’re (some) apples / They’re (some) cars
Is this your car? Are these your cars?
Yes, It is. Yes, they are.
No, It’s not. No, they’re not.
Plurals
- Plurals:
Regular plurals:
Car à Cars Church à Churches Baby à Babies Boy à Boys
Noun + s ending in ch or s = es consonant + y = ies vowel + y = s
Irregular Plurals:
Knife à Knives man à men woman à women child à children Elf à elves
shelf à shelves mouse à mice
Always plural:
Glasses, pants, shorts, scissors, headphones.
Prepositions of Place
- Prepositions of place:
Next to, in front of, under, above, on, in, between, behind.
Ex: The book is under the table
Information Questions
- Information questions
They have “wh words”: What, when, why, how many, how, how old, etc.
Some information questions:
What’s your mother like? What are you like?
She’s fun and outgoing I am fun and outgoing
How are you? How is your father?
I’m fine, thank you. He’s fine.
Where is your sister? Where are your friends? Where are you?
She’s at home They’re at the university I’m right here
Who’s this? How old are you? How old is she?
It’s my dad I’m 21 years old She’s 22 years old
Classroom Questions
- Class questions
How do you say silla in English? What’s the word for this in English?
Chair Chair
What’s the meaning of chair? What’s the meaning of computer?
Silla Computador
Can you spell book? Etc…
B-O-O-K
Do = do not = don’t ( – / ? )
does = does not = dosen’t (+)
S = he – she – it
couple of = algunos
to – 0 o’clock – after or past Let’s a quarter to evene (10:45)