Mastering English Tenses and Grammar: A Comprehensive Review
English Tenses and Grammar Review
Present Simple
- Affirmative: They play tennis every day.
- Negative: We don’t enjoy classical music.
- Interrogative: Does he often chat on the internet?
Present Continuous
- Affirmative: They are listening to music now.
- Negative: I‘m not studying at the moment.
- Interrogative: Are they chatting on the internet now?
Used To
- Affirmative: I used to live in London.
- Negative: She didn’t use to be thin.
- Interrogative: Did you use to go to this school?
Past Simple
- Affirmative: He performed in the concert.
- Negative: We didn’t perform in the concert.
- Interrogative: Did you perform in the concert?
Past Continuous
- Affirmative: He was standing near the building.
- Negative: I wasn’t standing near the building.
- Interrogative: Were you standing near the building?
Present Perfect Simple
- Affirmative: I have worked, You have worked, He has worked, She has worked, It has worked, We have worked, You have worked, They have worked.
- Negative: I haven’t worked, You haven’t worked, He hasn’t worked, She hasn’t worked, It hasn’t worked, We haven’t worked, You haven’t worked, They haven’t worked.
- Interrogative: Have I worked? Have You worked? Has He worked? Has She worked? Has It worked? Have We worked? Have You worked? Have They worked?
Will and Be Going To
Will
- Affirmative: I will try later.
- Negative: You won’t like it.
- Interrogative: Will they go next week?
Be Going To
- Affirmative: I am going to play tennis tomorrow.
- Negative: She isn’t going to sing soon.
- Interrogative: Are we going to help him?
First and Second Conditional
First Conditional
- Affirmative: If you take a photograph, you will see the mirage.
- Negative: He won’t be a good magician unless he practises.
- Interrogative: What will they do if they forget the camera?
Second Conditional
- Affirmative: If you saw the mirage, you would understand.
- Negative: He wouldn’t be famous if he didn’t do good tricks.
- Interrogative: If you wanted a camera, where would you buy one?
Comparison of Adjectives
Comparative
Shorter adjectives: newer than. Longer adjectives: more upbeat than.
Superlative
Examples: The scariest and The most shocking.
As…as, Not as…as
- Affirmative: as cheap as
- Negative: not as popular as
Too…enough…not…enough
- Too: too offensive
- Enough: clever enough
- Not enough: not clever enough
Reported Speech
Direct Speech
- Present Simple: enjoy festivals
- Present Continuous: I’m learning Strine
- Future: I will be at the beach
- Modals:
- I can’t visit Australia
- I must leave
Reported Speech
- Enjoyed
- Was learning
- Would be
- Couldn’t
- Had to
Relative Clauses
- People (who/that): Keel is the journalist who/that researched the mothman.
- Place (where): That’s the cinema where they’re showing The Mothman Prophecies.
- Things/animals (which/that): Silver Bridge is the bridge which/that collapsed.
The Passive Voice
Present Simple Passive / Past Simple Passive
- Affirmative: The scenery is painted at the studio. The scenery was painted by the director.
- Negative: The scenery isn’t painted by the actors. The scenery wasn’t painted yesterday.
- Interrogative: Is the scenery painted at the studio? Was the scenery painted at the studio?