Miquel Martí i Pol: A Literary Journey Through Realism and Resilience
Born on 19 March 1929 in the town of Roda de Ter, which is located in the county article. This began work in a factory in his village for 14 years. At age 16 became the Rock Verdaguer, and then began writing poems in Spanish. In the 19 years since I wrote poems in Catalan, also, at this age he suffered a serious illness (pulmonary tuberculosis), and was when he decided to devote himself to writing.
In 1956 he married Dolores determining factors, which had two sons. The year 1970 will be diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Despite suffering from this disease, not abandoned poetry and continued to publish works.
He died on 11 November 2003, at his residence in Roda de Ter.
In reference to his literary activity, Miquel Martí i Pol published his first book in 1954, words in the wind, later published The Poems and fifteen people. These three were published before 1971 relate to “historical realism“. He is one of the poets in our league and the most popular read. He also wrote prose and translations made.
Since 1971, there was a shift in production and life of Martin and Pol, as diagnosed with the disease (multiple sclerosis) could no longer work at the factory who had worked all his life, and so dedicated all his time to literature, which became for him an instrument of salvation. With his works transmitting reality closer and closer to the field of disease, and was created as an original poetic world. Moreover, his language had always been a remarkable quality, was simple, but absolutely not for everyday people. Among the works he wrote after 1971 are untitled book (1970-1971), Twenty-seven poems in three times (1972), The skin of the Violin (1974), Book of the six senses (1974), Five graffito the same wall (1975), Vacation Notebook (1976), in which, Marti i Pol, explained the doubts, the drama and the constraints that caused the disease.
In his literary works include the following themes: fear of death, the feeling of loneliness, obsession as a disease. And that is all his work is written with great ease and without expressive afraid to use bad words.
Starting in 1975, became in turn produce a poetic work and in the course of his illness, since it came public recognition with the publication of books in three volumes of the Mall of Poetic Work : The root and bark (1975), The long journey (1976) and crystals in the blood (1977), and above all, also, Dear Marta (1978), a collection of poems in Why the “celebrated” the anniversary of his illness.
Subsequently, other published works, with extending his theme, including the work The scope of all areas (1981), which is reflection of nationalistic poems. He has published more titles later, such as Andorra (1984), Book of Absences (1984), etc.. In fact, Martin and Pole was a realist poet, in poetry which had always featured a lyrical component, despite the imposition epic.
Finally, we can say that the work of Miquel Martí i Pol has become one of those that have progressed in a more accurate paths of realism.
In 1939 in Spain was trying to replace all the languages Spanish, Catalan and lost a lot of ground: the government abolished the statute and restrict political parties and was therefore the use of language areas as public officers. Needless to say that Catalan literature became a minority, but the Catalans do not wish to allow and organize a cultural resistance, underground magazines and editions, which was set up a new political and literary activity is permitted in certain Catalan still not recovered or institutions and continued censorship. Later, in 1953, came a new protest, which led to greater cultural freedom and the emergence of new artists such as John Carpenter, as well as the publication of basic tools for learning the language.
In Valencia and Mallorca, the repression against the native languages was not as strong, not because its inhabitants fought both for its language, which was reduced to demonstrations until it appeared one of the first editorial: Tower, thanks to which various writers rejoin the Valencian culture and formed new ones. This editorial was involved in the creation of the Valencian Grammar.
We must finally say that indigenous writers opt for the postwar verse, and literature with a religious meaning and intellectual lectualista.
At the end of the forties and fifties began, Carles Riba became a reference point for young writers and Catalan culture, and moral rigor that showed great faith in their own culture, and created two lines poetry: the first post-symbolist tradition and the second a pilot.
In 1959, after the death of Carles Riba, came a series of changes in literature:
– Catalonia passed to a desire to confront the dictatorship. Some authors such as Salvador Espriu Rodoreda Mercedes and Joan Fuster, consequently, the dictatorship will offer a greater permissiveness to Catalan literature, he found new audiences and had much less restriction.
– Valencia which was created around the editorial Tower disappeared, and slowly the views were becoming radical and sought to normalize face the reality that Valencian occurred in the past. They appear new publishers and bookstores, as well as greatly increased the arrival of students at the University of Valencia, who returned to run.
In the sixties he lived a conflict between the Symbolist aesthetic literature and a new service to combat the dictatorship, the historical realism, the literature that claimed to liberate human beings and the seventies were published and the work of Joan Brossa Foix, who became the promotions of younger teachers, and sharing the desire of poetry without purpose other than to literature.