Motivation Theories: A Comprehensive Guide

Posted on Jul 31, 2024 in Psychology and Sociology

Content:

Motivation Theories Focused on the Content:

  • Maslow’s Pyramid: Basic physiological needs, security needs, social needs, ego needs, and self-realization.
  • Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory: Hygiene factors (prevent dissatisfaction) and motivating factors (promote satisfaction).

Other Job-Related Needs (McClelland):

  • Need for affiliation: Establishing positive relationships.
  • Need for power: Controlling and influencing others.
  • Need for self: Developing and utilizing potential.
  • Need to achieve: Setting and achieving high standards.
  • Need for competence: Mastering skills and environments.

Theories Focusing on the Main Processor in the Process:

  • Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory: Self-efficacy and goal-setting.
  • Locke’s Goal-Setting Theory: Specific, challenging, and achievable goals.
  • Vroom’s Expectancy Theory: Valence, instrumentality, and expectancy.
  • Adams’ Equity Theory: Fairness in rewards and effort.

Basic Principles of Motivation:

  • Motivation is rare and difficult to achieve.
  • Different people have different needs and motivations.
  • Motivation is as important as demotivation.
  • Theories provide insights but do not offer a universal model.
  • Absenteeism is a symptom of discouragement.
  • Managers should address employee concerns.
  • Employees want to feel valued and included in decision-making.

Management by Objectives (MBO):

  • Purpose: Focus resources and assess performance.
  • Steps:
    • Define goals and priorities.
    • Develop action plans.
  • Characteristics of Objectives:
    • Feasible and quantifiable.
    • Participatory in design.
    • Specific deadline.
    • Simple and precise.
    • Associated with a reward.

Departments of Nursing:

  • Features:
    • 24/7 service.
    • Large workforce.
    • High budget.
    • Integrates healthcare team.
  • Objectives:
    • Coordinate resources for quality care.
    • Integrate nursing staff.
    • Design a quality institution.
    • Control department-specific materials and equipment.
  • Administrative Process:
    • Improves quality care by considering staff, patients, and services.