Networking Essentials: Dial-Up, Servers, and Active Directory
Networking Essentials
Dial-Up Networking Parameters
The necessary parameters include transmission lines, communication power, and telephone terminals.
SMTP Server Explained
An SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server is responsible for transferring email between different servers and moving messages from clients to servers.
PPTP Server Defined
PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) encapsulates packets from local area networks, making them transparent to the network procedures used in data transmission networks.
POP3 Server Functionality
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) allows users with intermittent connections to download their email when connected. This enables them to view and manage their messages offline. POP3 is the third version of the POP server.
Drawbacks of Receivers or Hubs
The main drawback of a receiver or hub is that it isolates network traffic problems generated in each segment.
Switches: An Alternative Name
Switches are also known as switches.
Advantages of Switches Over Hubs
The main advantage of a switch over a hub is that the switch operates at a higher level, creating separate collision domains. This means two stations in different segments can avoid collisions when accessing the network. In contrast, a hub shares bandwidth among all ports through time multiplexing.
Windows Active Directory Explained
Active Directory is a network service that stores information about network resources and controls user and application access to those resources. It provides a means to organize, manage, and centrally control access to network resources.
System Audits: Monitoring System State
A system audit involves setting alarms that warn us of the system’s state at all times. The system records errors or events that occur.
DNS and DNS Servers
DNS (Domain Name System) is a hierarchical naming system for TCP/IP nodes, organizing the names of all nodes connected to the internet. A DNS server resolves domain names to IP addresses.
DHCP Server Function
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server assigns IP addresses to each requesting node, ensuring that the same IP address is not assigned to two different nodes on the network.
Routing Table Fields
- Network Destination: The name of the network to be reached.
- Network Mask: Defines the destination network mask.
- Gateway: The IP address of the router that can resolve packets bound for the destination network.
- Interface: The IP address or name of the network interface used to send data packets to reach the gateway.
Wireless Network Topologies: Ad Hoc vs. Infrastructure Mode
In ad hoc topology, two nodes communicate directly via radio waves after a negotiation phase, without any intermediary. In infrastructure mode, communication between two nodes occurs through a wireless access point, which organizes communication between all network nodes.