Novecentismo: A Cultural Movement in Spain
Novecentismo: A Cultural Movement
Introduction
The Novecentismo movement, also known as the cultural movement that took place in Spain in the 2nd decade of the twentieth century, opposes all that is considered typical of the nineteenth century. It is also known as the Generation of 1914 because it coincides with the beginning of World War I. The movement ends with it socially and politically.
Characteristics of Novecentismo
The Novecentismo is a different type of intellectual. The movement is characterized by:
- Rationalism: Intellectual rigor, cold and objective analysis of circumstances and clear exposition.
- Antiromanticism: Preference for the classic, balanced, and serene activities and intellectualized expression of emotions.
- Protection of Pure Art: Art must merely provide aesthetic pleasure and not be, therefore, courtesy religious or political concerns.
- Aristocratic Intellectual: Pursuit of objectivity and almost mathematical perfection.
- Style Care: The ideal of good work was carried to an extreme concern for the design and structure of works and their language.
Novecentismo and Postmodernism
Postmodernists come to purification of the most ornamental and superficial rubeniana tradition and give way to simpler language and personal. Other poets move away from emphasizing the intellectual component of Modernism and curbing sentimental according to nineteenth-century sensibility. José Moreno Villa is a supporter of rigor and precision and an enemy of empty rhetoric.
Neopopularismo
The neopopularismo or re-development of the traditional nature poetry and folk is one of the paths opened by Antonio Machado, Juan Ramón Jiménez and Fernando Villalón.
Antonio Machado
At this stage, Machado tries to overcome the modernist aesthetic, so in Campos de Castilla profound changes are noted in particular as regards Solitudes: subjectivism are dimmed, and introspection and come to the fore the reality outside. Described real landscapes are populated by human presence or allude to historical circumstances.
In New Songs, including a new hundred Proverbs and Songs, in which shakes its philosophical concerns.
At this stage Machado creates a series of apocryphal writers, through which sets out its ideas.
In later years Machado opposes the dehumanizing literature of young poets of his time.
Juan Ramón Jiménez
In the intellectual age, with his “Diary of a Newlywed Poet”, breaks the end of the century modernism and Spanish poetry open to cutting-edge innovations: free verse, prose poems, chaotic enumeration, words and phrases , use of collage. Also this book is a new poetic conception deeply. The gradual disappearance of the story leads to an essential poetry. The sky and sea represent the ubiquitous nature so designed as pantheistic. These books continue the process of abstraction and intellectualization, the poems are shorter and denser (Eternity, Poetry, Beauty, …). It is essential to the concept of conscience because it allows me to escape the spatial and temporal limits imposed by death, as it does in the total station.
His last stage, or true enough time, includes all production from the years of exile, (On the other side, God desired and desiring) that prolong and exacerbate the metaphysical character of the total station. In God desired and desiring, you get to the possession of this consciousness that is identified with God, a god that has nothing to do with the Christian. He is a god created by the poet, from his effort and debugging almost mystical perfection. A god who is identified with nature and beauty.