Essential C Programming Concepts and Syntax
C Programming Fundamentals
Q-1: Structure of a C Program
A C program follows a specific hierarchical structure to ensure the compiler understands how to process the code.
- Documentation Section: Contains comments (e.g.,
/* author name */) explaining the program’s purpose. - Link Section: Includes header files using
#include(e.g.,<stdio.h>) to use built-in functions likeprintf. - Definition Section: Where symbolic constants are defined using
#define. - Global Declaration Section: Variables or functions
Teen Smoking, Drinking and Bullying: Health Risks & Effects
Smoking and Drinking
- Has become a habit.
- Makes them look older and more interesting.
- Makes them look more mature and confident.
- Teens start to smoke because they like the smell and taste of cigarettes.
- Can become a strong addiction.
- They waste almost all their money.
- Smokers suffer from bad breath because of cigarettes.
Bullying
- They call victims names to make others laugh.
- They give them nasty looks.
- They kick them.
- They make racist comments about them.
- Some of the bullies have been abused at home before.
- They
Mammalian Reproduction, Sensory Systems and Conservation Terms
Mammalian Reproduction, Sensory Systems & Conservation
Lecture 16 — Reproduction II
- Immunorejection – Maternal immune system attacking the embryo because it is genetically half paternal.
- Choriovitelline placenta – Marsupial yolk-sac placenta with weak attachment and low efficiency.
- Embryonic diapause – Temporary pause in embryonic development before implantation.
- Zona pellucida – Glycoprotein coat around an oocyte or blastocyst that prevents polyspermy and offers protection.
- Delayed fertilization
Monetary and Fiscal Policy Mechanics Explained
Economic Policy Fundamentals
Monetary Policy (MP)
Monetary Policy (MP): Refers to the decisions made by the central bank regarding the control of financial variables (mainly the money supply and interest rates), implemented by the European Central Bank (ECB).
Banking System
Banking System: Includes commercial banks, savings banks, and credit unions. They create the money supply by creating bank money through customer deposits.
Fiscal Policy (FP)
Fiscal Policy (FP): The economic authority of a country
Read MoreBiomechanics and Neural Control of Human Locomotion
Biomechanics of Walking and Running
Walking involves movements where the body alternates movements on opposite sides.
Description of the Action of Walking
Walking consists of two major phases:
- Stance Phase: One or two legs are on the ground, providing support.
- Swing Phase (Balance): One leg is off the ground, moving forward.
Transition from Walking to Running
The transition from walking to running occurs involuntarily, usually at a consistent speed determined by leg length, approximately 2.5 m/s.
There
Read MoreSoftware Engineering: SDLC, SRS, and Project Estimation
1. Software Requirements Engineering and SRS
Definition: Requirements Engineering (RE) is the systematic process of eliciting, analyzing, specifying, validating, and managing software requirements.
Software Requirements Specification (SRS): A formal document stating what the system shall do (functional requirements) and the constraints or quality expectations (non-functional requirements).
The RE Process Model
Stakeholders → Elicitation → Analysis/Negotiation → Specification (SRS) → Validation
Read Moreघर्षण बल की उत्पत्ति और नियम
प्रश्न १. घर्षण बल की उत्पत्ति के कारण का अर्थ स्पष्ट कीजिए।
Answer: घर्षण बल उत्पन्न होने का मुख्य कारण प्रत्येक पिण्ड की सतह पर कुछ उठान तथा खाँचों (ridges and grooves) का होना है, चाहे सतह कितनी भी चिकनी क्यों
Foundations of Economic Theory and Global Systems
The Fundamentals of Economics
Economics is often called the “Queen of Social Sciences” because it touches almost every aspect of human life. At its core, it is the study of how people manage scarcity—the fact that we have unlimited wants but limited resources.
Meaning of Economics
Economics is derived from the Greek word Oikonomia, which means “household management.”
- Modern Definition: It is a social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
- The Problem
Spanish Business Law: Legal Hierarchy and Corporate Structures
Legal Hierarchy and Normative Framework
The legal framework in Spain is structured hierarchically:
- Primary Legislation (EU): EU Treaties.
- Secondary Legislation (EU): EU Directives, Regulations, and Decisions.
- National Level: Spanish Constitution (Article 38 establishes freedom of enterprise), Organic Laws (fundamental rights), Ordinary Laws (general topics), and Royal Decrees/Legislative Decrees (National Regulations/bylaws).
- Regional Level: Catalonian Estatut d’Autonomia, Catalonian Laws, and Regulations.
Dopamine Reset: Building Focus for Deep Work and Freedom
Dopamine Reprogramming Scheme (v1.0)
Goal: Turn cheap dopamine craving into a drive for deep work, purpose, and long-term freedom.
Core Principle: Effort equals Reward
Mindset Block: Core Beliefs
| Concept | Core Belief |
|---|---|
| Identity | “I create dopamine through progress, not consumption.” |
| Effort Loop | Effort → Progress → Dopamine → Motivation (Repeat) |
| Boredom | Training ground for focus, not pain to escape. |
| Stimulation Rule | Intentional is superior to Impulsive. |
| Purpose | Link every action to a vision (freedom, mastery, |