15th Century Spanish Literature: Key Authors and Movements
15th Century Spain: A Time of Change
The fifteenth century was a time of significant change for Spain. After internal crises in the kingdoms of Aragon and Castile, and the Hundred Years’ War, things improved politically with the marriage of Isabel I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon. During their reign, critical events took place, such as the end of the Reconquista and the discovery of America. This era saw trade development and the growth of cities, favoring the bourgeoisie. Culture became a
Read MoreManagement Accounting: Types, Objectives, and Stakeholders
Introduction to Management Accounting
Accounting aims to disclose financial and economic activity and its consequences to third parties.
Financial Accounting
Financial Accounting: Records, classifies, analyzes, and summarizes financial transactions between a company and the outside world. It periodically reports on the company’s assets and results, adhering to generally accepted principles. It uses standardized, objective, and easily interpretable language. It is primarily historical, ensuring greater
Read MoreSpanish Population Dynamics: Birth, Mortality, and Growth
Natural Movement of the Spanish Population
The natural movement of the Spanish population is characterized by three distinct stages or regimes: the old demographic regime, the demographic transition, and the current regime. These stages are defined by changes in mortality and fertility rates.
Old Demographic Regime
This regime, prevalent until the early twentieth century, was marked by high birth rates, high mortality rates, and low natural growth. Birth rates were high due to the dominance of the
Read MoreComprehensive Skeletal System Anatomy
Skeletal System Model
System Model: Osteon, Lamella, Osteocyte, Lacunae, Canaliculi, Central Canal
Bone and Cartilage Slides
Compact Bone (Ground Bone): Osteon, Lamella, Lacunae, Canaliculi, Central Canal
Hyaline Cartilage (Monkey Trachea): Chondrocyte, Matrix, Lacunae
Bone Types
Compact Bone: Dense and hard outer bone layer.
Spongy (Cancellous) Bone: Less dense, porous inner bone layer with a lattice-like structure.
Bone Structure
Diaphysis: Long, tubular bone shaft primarily composed of compact bone.
Proximal
Read MoreAristotle’s Four Causes and Physics: Motion, Change, and Being
Aristotle’s Four Causes
For something to move from potential to actual, an external cause is needed. Cold water doesn’t heat itself, nor do bricks assemble into a building without intervention. This illustrates the principle: “everything that moves is moved by another.” The agent causing this change from potential to actual is the efficient cause. Every efficient cause shapes a subject, like Michelangelo’s Moses from marble, serving a specific purpose. Material and formal causes are intrinsic to
Read MoreKey Terms of Spanish History: 15th-18th Centuries
Religious and Social Groups
- Holy Brotherhood: Organization created by the Catholic Monarchs to pursue and stamp out vandalism endemic in rural areas.
- Inquisition: Tribunal established by the Catholic Monarchs to pursue the Judaizers, then the Moors, and then everything that was against religion.
- Mudéjares: Muslims living in Christian territory.
- Moriscos: Muslims forcibly converted to Christianity.
- Judaizers: Baptized Jews who secretly practiced their religion.
- Sephardim: Jews expelled from Spain who
RF and Microwave Technology: Applications and History
RF and Microwave Technology: Applications and History
The Rise of Wireless Telephony
“Anywhere, at any time.” Modern wireless telephony is based on the concept of cellular frequency reuse, a technique first proposed by Bell Labs in 1947 but not practically implemented until the 1970s. By this time, advances in miniaturization, as well as increasing demand for wireless communications, drove the introduction of several early cellular telephone systems in Europe, the United States, and Japan.
- The Nordic
Behavioral Issues and Learning Difficulties in Education
Behavior and Learning Problems
Clinical and educational experience, along with systematic research, reveals an intimate relationship between learning difficulties and a lack of personal or social adjustment. However, it is not easy to determine the nature and meaning of this relationship. A large number of people with educational problems suffer from personal and social conflicts, but views on the extent of these relationships, and which variable is the cause and which is the effect, are far from
Read MoreHobbes’ State of Nature vs. Civil Society & Plato’s Justice
Hobbes’ State of Nature and Civil Society
Hobbes sought to imagine how human beings would conduct themselves if they were not subject to political power. He called this imaginary scenario the state of nature. Man’s life in such a state is characterized by:
- Freedom Without Limits: Men live freely, without any kind of limitations other than those established by their own strength and the laws of nature. Hobbes called this freedom natural right.
- Driven by Two Principles: In this state, men are driven
EU’s Common Agricultural Policy and the 2008 Financial Crisis
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
CAP is probably one of the most discussed policies because of its implications for developing countries, and because it takes half of the European budget. Firstly, it’s about an integrated market for this kind of goods without barriers. Secondly, there is price support for the majority of agricultural products – we are subsidizing the production.
The Objectives of CAP
The objectives, set out in Article 39 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, are as
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