Virgil: Life and Major Works
Virgil: Life and Works
Virgil was born in Mantua in 70 BC into a modest family. Around the age of twenty, he went to Rome to perfect his knowledge of rhetoric. He could not practice oratory because he lacked the temperament or attitude: he was ill, shy, and had a weak presence. Dispossessed of his father’s estate, he returned to Rome, explained his situation to Augustus, and was granted an indemnity and an estate in Campania. In the final days of his life, he lived in a villa in Naples that Augustus
Read MoreConcepts of Beauty, Art, and Aesthetics
Defining Beauty
Virtue of the nature and works of art and literature, which causes our enjoyment and thus attraction and love for such property.
The ancient Greeks wrote of a number of features of beauty: light, symmetry, proportion, and persuasive power.
Plato reflects on beauty in several works, seeking its definition, the idea of beauty, and “objective beauty of love.”
Kant indicates values in judgments about beauty and taste, classifying their types: pleasant, beautiful, and selfless pleasure. He
Read MoreGoods Production Process
Products and Services
The production process results in new products and a network of complementary products. Using some products requires installed facilities, infrastructure, and support services. The availability of various technology products and associated services greatly influences our lifestyle.
Production Companies
The elaboration of different types and varieties of technological products is carried out by manufacturing administrations. Multinational companies have commercial offices and production
Read MoreSpanish Neoclassical Literature: Prose & Theater
Neoclassical Prose
During the Neoclassical period, there was limited production of lyric poetry but a significant rise in the essay and theater genres.
Key Neoclassical Prose Writers
Benito Jerónimo Feijoo (1676-1764)
Feijoo is considered the first contemporary Spanish essayist. His work is characterized by a personal tone, clear language, and a great variety of themes. His extensive work spans thirteen volumes, divided into:
- Universal Theater
- Erudite and Curious Letters
He advocated for the search for
Read MoreSpanish Literary Forms: Novel, Ballads, Coplas
The Novel: Emergence of a Genre
Prosecuting the facts critically, delving into causes, and addressing the psychological level of character finally animates the story with dialogues and epistles. A new literary genre, the novel, emerges in the 14th century, linked to the degeneration of the epic and the decline of feudal society due to the rise of the bourgeoisie.
Early Forms: Adventure and Chivalry
The first manifestations include:
- The Adventure Story: This involves the feeling of love and action found
Formation of Catalan Law: Charters & Liber Iudiciorum
Catalonia: Early Legal Development
The Formative Stage: Population Charters
The formative stage of Catalan law occurred between the 9th and 13th centuries. Geographically, this law applied primarily to ‘Old Catalonia’ and was characterized by:
- The maintenance and subsequent decline of the Visigothic law, the Liber Iudiciorum.
- The appearance of population charters and franchises, which the counts used to address emerging needs.
- The expansion of feudal law through the usatges (customs or usages), namely
Audio System Components Explained
Sound Basics
Sound: the sensation produced in the ear by sound waves. The human ear distinguishes 3 qualities: loudness, pitch, and timbre.
Audio Sources
Audio sources generate sound signals. These include analog tuners (AM, FM) and digital tuners (DAB).
Source Features
- Distortion: Harmonic distortion (THD) is the most important. It is measured in percentage (%). The lower the value, the better the sound quality.
- Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Measured in dB. The higher this value, the less noise is introduced
Core Science Concepts: Earth, Life, and Data
Understanding Statistical Concepts
Scientists refer to a normal distribution or bell curve when data is grouped symmetrically around the mean.
Scientists calculate the mean by adding all the data points and dividing the sum by the number of data points (individuals).
The numerical ratio representing the chance of an event occurring, like winning the lottery, is called probability.
Scientific Models and Decision Making
Types of Scientific Models
Scientists use various types of models, including:
- Physical
Spain’s Economic Transformation: 1959-2007 Cycles
Spain’s Economy: 1959-1974 Stabilization & Growth
1959-1967: Stabilization Plan and Initial Growth
- Starting with a stabilization plan, this period saw growth exacerbate the imbalance where Demand (D) exceeded Supply (S).
- Exports experienced strong expansion thanks to the new Peseta (PTA) exchange rate and accelerated growth in European economies.
- Rising prices (inflation) and the external deficit increased.
- In 1967, the PTA had to be devalued. Measures included freezing salaries and reducing rates.
EU Worker Protections and Employment Strategy (TFEU Focus)
Directive Provisions on Redundancies and Worker Rights
Member States may grant the competent public authority wider powers of extension.
The employer must be informed of the extension and the grounds before the expiry of the initial period provided for in paragraph 1.
Member States are not obliged to apply this article to collective redundancies arising from the termination of the establishment’s activities where this is the result of a judicial decision.
The directive does not affect the right of Member
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